Charles-Boyle law

BOYLE-CHARLES LAW. This law states that the product of the pressure and volume of a gas is a constant which depends only upon the temperature. This law may be stated mathematically as... 

BOYLE S LAW. This law, attributed to Robert Boyle (1662) but also known as Mariottc s law, expresses the isothermal pressure-volume relation for abody of ideal gas. That is, if the gas is kept at constant temperature, the pressure and volume are in inverse proportion, or have a constant product. The law is only approximately true, even for such gases as hydrogen and helium nevertheless it is very useful. Graphically, it is represented by an equilateral hyperbola (see Fig. I). If the temperature is not constant, the behavior of die ideal gas must be expressed by die Boyle-Charles law. 

Sec also Avogadro Law Boyle-Charles Law Boyle s Law Characteristic Equation and Combustion (Fuels). 

Gases expand uniformly to fill the volume of the container that holds them. The relationship between the pressure (P), volume (V), and temperature (T) of a gas is expressed in the Boyle-Charles law ... 

Chemical Reactor Runaway Chemical reactions may create too much pressure for the container holding the material. Inadequate cooling, insufficient stirring, too much catalyst and other factors may cause the reaction to go out of control. In a sealed container, pressure increases may result from the reaction itself and from temperature increases following the Boyle-Charles law (see Chapter 19). 

For gases, the Boyle-Charles law helps us predict the pressure change in a pressurized container. 

Prevent Pressure Buildup Avoid pressure buildup in containers. For example, do not expose pressurized containers to direct sun or other sources of heat. Boyle-Charles Law will add pressure to a container that becomes heated. 

Temperature Limit Devices According to the Boyle-Charles Law, gas pressure will increase and decreases in closed containers as content temperatures rise and fall. Processes and containers where exceeding pressure limits create dangers may incorporate temperature limit sensors and special controls to minimize the dangers from temperature changes. 

The properties of hydrocarbon gases are relatively simple since the parameters of pressure, volume and temperature (PVT) can be related by a single equation. The basis for this equation is an adaptation of a combination of the classical laws of Boyle, Charles and Avogadro. 

Tlie two precursors of tlie ideal gas law were Boyle s low and Charles law. Boyle found tliat tlie volume of a given mass of gas is inversely proportional to die absolute pressure if die temperature is kept constant, tliat is,... 

The ideal gas law or perfect gas law is a combination of Boyle s and Charles laws for any compressible fluid (gas/vapor). 

From combined Boyle s and Charles Law Equation of State for Perfect Gas ... 

Ideal (or perfect) gas behavior is approached by most vapors and gases in the limit of low pressures and elevated temperatures. Two special forms of restricted utility known as the Boyle s law and the Charles law preceded the development of the perfect gas law. 

Pressure, temperature, and volume are properties of gases that are completely interrelated. Boyle s law and Charles law may be combined into one equation that is referred to as the ideal gas law. This equation is always true for ideal gases and is true for real gases under certain conditions. 

As oil is pumped into the accumulator, compressing the nitrogen, the nitrogen temperature increases (Charles law). Therefore, the amount of oil stored will not be quite as much as calculated with Boyle s law unless sufficient time is allowed for the accumulator to cool to atmospheric temperature. Likewise, when oil is discharged, the expanding nitrogen is cooled. So, the discharge volume... 

Starting with Charles and Boyle s laws, it is possible to develop the formula for a given weight of gas ... 

Basic concepts discussed here are atmospheric pressure vacuum gage pressure absolute pressure Boyle s law or pressure/volume relationship Charles law or temper-ature/volume relationship combined effects of pressure, temperature and volume and generation of pressure or compression. 

Boyle s and Charles laws can he combined into the ideal gas equation ... 

Kinetic theory A theory of matter based on the mathematical description of the relationship between pressures, volumes, and temperatures of gases (PVT phenomena). This relationship is summarized in the laws of Boyle s law, Charle s law, and Avogadro s law. 

Which temperature scale must be used in (a) Charles law problems (h) ideal gas law problems (e) combined gas law problems (<7) Boyle s law problems ... 

Boyle s law PXVX = P2V2 Charles law VXT2 = V2TX combined gas law = j 2... 

Let s look at a situation in which two conditions change. Suppose a balloon has a volume at sea level of 10.0 L at 760.0 torr and 20°C (293 K). The balloon is released and rises to an altitude where the pressure is 450.0 torr and the temperature is -10°C (263 K). You want to calculate the new volume of the balloon. You know that you have to express the temperature in K in the calculations. It is perfectly fine to leave the pressures in torr. It really doesn t matter what pressure and volume units you use, as long as they are consistent in the problem. The pressure is decreasing, so that should cause the volume to increase (Boyle s law). The temperature is decreasing, so that should cause the volume to decrease (Charles s law). Here you have two competing factors, so it is difficult to predict the end result. You ll simply have to do the calculations and see. 

Is the answer reasonable You have almost 10 mol of gas. It would occupy about 224 L at STP (10 mol x 22.4 L/mol) by Avogadro s relationship. The pressure is slightly less than standard pressure of 1 atm, which would tend to increase the volume (Boyle s law), and temperature is greater than standard temperature of 0°C, which would also increase the volume (Charles s law). So you might expect a volume greater than 224 L, and that is exactly what you found. 

Equation (5.1) can be derived from the empirical laws of Boyle and Charles by using the total differential. Boyle s law can be expressed by the relationship... 

The relations known as Boyle s law, Charles law, and Avogadro s law can be combined into an exceedingly useful formula called the Ideal Gas Equation,... 

The properties of a gas can be described by four interrelated quantities pressure, volume, temperature, and number of particles. Boyles, Charles s, and Avo-gadro s gas laws each describe how one quantity varies relative to another so long as the remaining two are held constant. We can combine these three laws into a single law, called the ideal gas law, which shows the relationship of all these quantities in a single equation ... 

Was this your answer Gas laws work best for gases at low pressures and high temperatures. At atmospheric pressure, the distances between air molecules are much greater than the sizes of the air molecules. Also, air is well above its boiling points (N2 boils at-i96°C and02 at -i83°C). This, of course, permitted the gas law discoveries of Boyle, Charles, Avogadro, and others. 

Show the mathematical steps needed in order to combine Boyle s and Charles laws to give Equation 11-2 on p 159... 

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