Pesticides lindane

Sorption. Most organics are sorbed to a very small degree on the biofloc, ie, < 2 percent. Exceptions are the nondegradable pesticide Lindane, other pesticides, and PCBs. Heavy metals will complex with the ceU wall and precipitate within the floe. Metal accumulation will increase with increasing sludge age. 

Gilbert ME, Mack CM. 1995. Seizure thresholds in kindled animals are reduced by the pesticides lindane and endosulfan. Neurotoxicol Teratol 17(2) 143-150. 

A limited number of pure substances are available from NIST, primarily clini-cally-relevant compounds such as cholesterol, urea, uric acid, creatinine, glucose, cortisol, tripalmitin, and bilirubin (NIST SRM website). These compounds are certified for purity (greater than 99 %) and are used as primary calibrants in definitive methods for these clinical analytes (see below). Several additional pure substances are available for specific applications such as microchemistry, i.e. elemental composition (acetanilide, anisic acid, cystine nicotinic acid, o-bromobenzoic acid, p-fluoro-benzoic acid, m-chlorobenzoic acid), polarimetric standards (sucrose and dextrose), acidimetric standard (benzoic acid and boric acid). Only three pure substance NIST RMs are available for environmental contaminants, namely the chlorinated pesticides, lindane, 4,4 -DDT, and 4,4 -DDE. 

J. R. Lakowicz, D. Hogen, and G. Omann, Diffusion and partitioning of a pesticide, lindane, into phosphatidylcholine bilayers, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 471, 401—411 (1977). 

P 4.7 Evaluating Experimental Vapor Pressure Data of the Widely Used Pesticide Lindane... 

The following are examples of priority pollutants arsenic, selenium, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, silver, benzene, ethylbenzene, chlorobenzene, chloroethene, dichloromethane, and tetrachloroethene. The priority pollutants also include the pesticide and fumigant eldrin, the pesticide lindane, the insecticide methoxychlor, the insecticide and fumigant toxaphene, and the herbicide and plant growth regulator silvex. There are a total of 65 priority pollutants. 

White spirit, a mixture of mostly aliphatic (lipophilic) hydrocarbons, enhanced the penetration of the pesticide lindane through human skin. 14 ... 

Despite the relatively uniform in vivo impacts of this group of compounds, there is a suggestion from the work by Betoulle et al.13 that at least one OC pesticide, lindane, may have biphasic effects on fish macrophages. At low concentrations (2.5-25 pM), in vitro exposure to lindane stimulated ROS production by Ca2+-independent... 

Figure 1 shows the input of the pesticide lindane to the North Sea. Note that the atmospheric input of lindane dominates that from all other sources. Table 4 compares the atmospheric input to the North Sea with that of other transport paths for a number of other synthetic organic compounds. In almost every case atmospheric input dominates the other sources combined. 

Transp(Ht of pesticides, lindane (5.8 tens), per-methiine (1.0 tons), cy-pennethrine (0.6 tons). 

The pesticide lindane has been widely used in agriculture as a seed dressing. Using C-labeled lindane, Saha (1975) studied its biodegradation in plants and animals. He studied the residue distribution over time in chicks and eggs of pheasants fed the labeled pesticide in gelatin capsules. Pheasants were also fed treated wheat seeds. In addition, the occurrence of residue was determined in samples of brain, liver, breast muscle, and fat from five hen pheasants. 

A. Adsorption. The physical adsorption of the nonionic, nonpolar chlorinated pesticides, lindane and toxaphene, were measured in two types of polymers ionic exchange resins and nonionic styreneidivinylbenzene polymers.The following results were obtained ... 

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