Pesticide Analytical Methods Manual, Food

The Food and Drug Administration [FDA] Pesticide Analytical Methods Manual QJ and the Environmental Protection Agency [EPA] Manual for Environmental Analysis (2) describe procedures that have been used for many years. Two of the commonly applied techniques are liquid-liquid partitioning and column adsorption chromatography. These approaches are used to isolate lipohilic and moderately polar residues for primary identification and quantitation with GLC. An evaluation of the number of pesticide residues that were satisfactorily analyzed by this approach was published by McMahon and Burke (3). When one looks at the data it can be seen that the highly polar and water soluble residues do not fit into the analytical scheme very well. In an attempt to rectify this problem, FDA is modifying the multiresidue method... 

B13. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Pesticide analytical manual, Volume I (PAM) 3rd Ed. and Vol. II (PAM), and Index of Residue Analytical Methods (RAM), Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C. (1994), see http //www.epa.gov/oppbeadl/methods/ and http // www.epa.gov/oppbeadl/methods/raml2b.htm. 

Pesticide Analytical Manual, Food and Dmg Administration, Rockville, Md., Vol. I, 1990, and Vol. II, 1989. Includes multiresidue methods used by U.S. FDA to routinely check foods for pesticide residues, and single residue methods for certain pesticides not detected by any of the multiresidue methods. 

FDA. 1994. Pesticide analytical manual, Vol. 1, 3rd edition, Multiresidue methods. Method 302 Method for Nonfatty Foods Method 303 Method II for Nonfatty Foods, Method 304 Method for Fatty Foods. FDA, US Department of Health and Human Services. 

The Pesticide Analytical Manual of the US Food and Drug Administration or the Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International are method collections with international recognition. Both compilations are written in English, one prerequisite for its success. Method collections of EU Member States are most often available only in the national languages. Eor this reason, they are relatively unknown in other Member States. Fortunately, some good collections of official national methods are translated into the English language. The most important are... 

Pesticide Analytical Manual. Volume 1, Multiresidue Methods, third edition, US Food and Drug Administration Washington, DC, Sect. 302 (1994). 

FDA. 1994b. 302 and 303 Methods for nonfatty foods. In Pesticides Analytical Manual, 3rd edition, vol. 1 Multiresidue methods. US. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration. 

Table 13-3, p. 141, shows a comparison of SFE (1.5 hrs), the AOAC Soxhlet method (overnight extraction), and the Pesticide Analytical Manual (PAM) method (4 hrs) for extracting fats from several fatty foods. These two tables show that SFE in 1.5 hours can extract pesticides from the most difficult samples with excellent recoveries and that fat can be removed so additional analyses can be made free of complications from fat. 

Food and Drug Admircsiraiion (1991). Pesticide Analytical Manual, Vol. 2. Methods fttr Individual Residues. Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC. 

---