Perkins’method

FIGURE 25.2 Relationship between the amount of reducing sugars using Perkins method and as determined on the InfraAlyzer 500 =. 98. 

The synthesis of 4-vinylindan (430) has been effected in the following way [1067, 1068] (Scheme 119). o-Bromotoluene (426) was oxidized to the corresponding benzaldehyde which was then converted by the Perkin method into o-bromocinnamic acid (427). Reduction of the double bond, intramolecular cyclization of the dihydro derivative obtained, in the form of the acid chloride, and hydrogenolysis of the oxo group led to 4-bromoindan (428). The reaction of the lithium derivative of the latter with ethylene oxide formed the -hydroxyethyl derivative, dehydration of which gave the CD fragment (430). 

Kinetic experiments were performed on a Perkin Elmer 12, 15, or 12 spectrophotometer following methods described in Chapter 2. Values for k. , given in Tables 3.1 and 3.2 were calculated using equation A8, derived in Appendix 2.1 in Chapter 2. 

Perkin s discovery of mauveine in 1856 led to a flurry of activity in synthetic organic chemistry in England, which spread to Germany, and flourished through the last half of the nineteenth century, one of the richest periods for synthetic organic chemistry. During this time many synthetic organic methods were developed which are still used today. 

Manufacture. The most widely employed method for the commercial synthesis of (H)-cinnamic acid uti1i2es ben2aldehyde, acetic anhydride, and anhydrous sodium or potassium acetate in a condensation reaction commonly referred to as the Perkin reaction (11). 

We studied conditions for the determination of tiametoxam (TM), the active component of the fungicide Actai a (Syngenta, Switzerland) by the method of thin layer chromatography with use of the Perkin-Elmer liquid chromatograph combined with spectrophotometric detector. The 250 mm-long and 4.6 mm in diameter steel column filled with Silasorb was used. 

After adequate analitical prepai ation according to standai d EPA method 608 samples were analysed gas chromatographic on a gas chromatograph 8500 Perkin Elmer, in glass and capilar columns using a capture electron detector and mass spectrometry, temperature program. 

A. Gr. Perkin s Acetyl method. (Arur. Chem. Sot-., 1904, 20, 171). The method consists in hydiolysing the acetyl derivative in presence of alcohol and di.stilling off the ethyl acetate and then estimating the quantity by hydrolysis. 

Because of the mild reaction conditions, and its broad applicability, the Knoevenagel reaction is an important method for the synthesis of a ,/3-unsaturated carboxylic acids. Comparable methods are the Reformatsky reaction, the Perkin reaction, as well as the Claisen ester condensation. The Knoevenagel reaction is of greater versatility however the Reformatsky reaction permits the preparation of a ,/3-unsaturated carboxylic acids that are branched in a-position. 

Terpineol (that is a-terpineol) has been prepared synthetically by Perkin and his pupils, his method being described under the synthesis of limonene. 

The PIA-investigations were carried out under dynamic vacuum (p< 10 5 mbar) and at 77 K with films cast from toluene solution onto KBr substrates. For the dispersive method [29, 30] the globar, the KBr-prism premonochromator, and the grating monochromator of a Perkin Elmer 125 lR-spcctrometer were used in the spectral range of 0.25 to 1.24 eV. The pump beam was chopped mechanically... 

SORPTOMETER (PERKIN-ELMER). This method is essentially a gas-chromatographic technique with the sample powder in place of the normal chromatographic column. A mixt of He and N2 is passed thru the sample and the concn of N2 in the exit gas is measured by thermal conductivity or gas-density methods,... 

Perkins and Andersen, 31 photo emission method (Barker), 41 potentiostatic scrape method, 38 piezo electric method (Gokstein), 42 rapid emergent method (Packham), 38... 

Packham, the rapid emergent method of measurement, 38 Perkins and Andersen,... 

Taguchi H, Yokoi T, Tsukatani M, Okada Y (1995) Tetrahedron 27 7361 Vekemans J, Pollers-Wieers C, Hoornaert G (1983) J Heterocyclic Chem 20 919 Tutonda M, Vanderzande D, Hendrickx M, Hoornaert G (1990) Tetrahedron 46 5715 Deceuninck JA, Verschave P, Buffel DK, Tutonda M, Hoornaert G (1991) In Townsend LB, Stuart Tipson R (eds) Nucleic acid chemistry, improved and new synthetic procedures, methods and techniques. Wiley, New York, p 144 Buysens KJ, Vandenberghe DM, Toppet SM, Hoornaert GJ (1996) J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 1 231... 

Gomez-Parra, V. Sanchez, F. Torres, T. Synthesis, 1985,282 J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2,1987,695. For another method, with lower yields, see Yoshida, Y Ishii, S. Yamashita, T. Chem. Lett., 1984, 1571. 

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