Performance thin-film, solid-state batteries

Electrical Performance of Thin-film, Solid-state Li-ion Batteries... 

Solid-state electrochemistry — is traditionally seen as that branch of electrochemistry which concerns (a) the -> charge transport processes in -> solid electrolytes, and (b) the electrode processes in - insertion electrodes (see also -> insertion electrochemistry). More recently, also any other electrochemical reactions of solid compounds and materials are considered as part of solid state electrochemistry. Solid-state electrochemical systems are of great importance in many fields of science and technology including -> batteries, - fuel cells, - electrocatalysis, -> photoelectrochemistry, - sensors, and - corrosion. There are many different experimental approaches and types of applicable compounds. In general, solid-state electrochemical studies can be performed on thin solid films (- surface-modified electrodes), microparticles (-> voltammetry of immobilized microparticles), and even with millimeter-size bulk materials immobilized on electrode surfaces or investigated with use of ultramicroelectrodes. The actual measurements can be performed with liquid or solid electrolytes. 

The superior mechanical properties of elastomeric electrolytes, combined with the simplicity of fabrication of thin separator films from these materials, has led to very active pursuit of solid state cells based on solid polymeric materials. However, the development of a novel class of solid state or nic positive electrodes which not only operate on an entirely new principle for energy storage, but have demonstrated performances in a number of instances exceeding those for intercalation electrodes in solid state hthium and sodium batteries. These new electrodes have been called solid redox polymerization electrodes (SRPE) and arc based on polysulfide polymers [-S(R) 0 (R) S-] where R is an organic radical such as CH3, QH, CF3, etc. The redox mechanism for the positive electrode is in essence a redox dimeriza-tion/scission reaction which occurs in two steps as... 

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