Performance tests flame retardency

Flame Retardants. Data sheets of White Chemical Corporation. Arrived in 1983 Flame Retardants. Dead Sea Bromine Company data sheets. Arrived in 1985 Performance Tested Flame Retardants from EthyljSaytech to Serve Your Needs. Product sheet of Ethyl/Saytech. Arrived in 1985... 

Another experimental program was conducted with binder-flame retardant combinations on rando-rayon. The eighteen flame retardants were paired with a latex binder and screened for performance in an NFPA-701 flame retardant test. Seven of the best performing flame retardants were chosen for further study. Additionally, since all seven happened to be non-durable, the best performing durable flame retardant was added at a higher add-on and flame retardant level. 

Tried-and-tested flame retardant systems based on bromine compounds will continue to be used, with just a few exceptions, on account of their outstanding price-to-performance ratio. This is clear from printed circuits, where halogen-free reactive and additive FR systems are not able to displace the FR4 laminates based on tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBA). Such is the case in Europe, at least. The situation could prove to be different in Asia, since the giants in the sector, such as Sony, have committed themselves to halogen-free printed circuits. In Europe and Asia, iimovations in flame retardant plastics continue to be in the field of halogen-fi ee systems. 

Flame Retardants. The amount of research expended to develop flame-retardant (FR) finishes for cotton and other fabrics has been extremely large in comparison to the total amount of fabrics finished to be flame retardant. The extent of this work can be seen in various reviews (146—148). In the early 1960s, a substantial market for FR children s sleepwear appeared to be developing, and substantial production of fabric occurred. In the case of cotton, the finish was based on tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (THPC) or the corresponding sulfate (THPS). This chemical was partly neutralized to THPOH, padded on fabric, dried under controlled conditions, and ammoniated. The finish was subsequently oxidized, yielding a product that passed the test for FR performance. This process is widely preferred to the THPOH—NH process. 

There is the possibiUty of a chemical reaction between a plastic and a colorant at processing temperatures. Thermal stabiUty of both the polymer and colorant plays an important role. Furthermore, the performance additives that may have been added to the resin such as antioxidants, stabilizers, flame retardants, ultraviolet light absorbers, and fillers must be considered. The suitabiUty of a colorant in a particular resin must be evaluated and tested in the final apphcation after all processing steps to ensure optimum performance. 

EVCL s are compatible with all flame retardants tested, and perform well with all but one. 

The performance of several latex binders in flame retardant testing of nonwoven polyester or rayon substrates with and without added flame retardants has been investigated. Correlation of coating flammability (i.e. by oxygen index) to actual performance on a substrate is poor. Results generated on both rayon and polyester... 

To test the hypothesis that the metering channel is too deep to run at a rate of 3860 kg/h without the degradation of the flame retardant chemical, simulations were performed as a function of the metering channel depth. Since the rate will be... 

Since combustion is subject to many variables, tests for flame retardancy may not correctly predict flame resistance under unusual conditions. Thus, a disclaimer stating that flame retardancy tests do not predict performance in an actual fire must accompany all flame-retardant products. Flame retardants, like many organic compounds, may be toxic or may produce toxic gases when burned. Hence, care must be exercised when using fabrics or other polymers treated with flame retardants. 

This zinc borate is a more effective flame retardant and smoke suppressant than barium metaborate (Busan 11M1).43 For example, in flexible PVC, a combination of antimony trioxide and the zinc borate results in much better fire test performances than the antimony trioxide and barium metaborate combination (Table 9.4). In contrast to flexible PVC, this zinc borate alone improves both fire retardancy and smoke suppression in rigid PVC.48... 

Polyolefins When used in conjunction with a halogen-based flame retardant, this zinc borate can partially replace antimony oxide (30%-40%) and still maintain the same fire test performance. In addition, it can improve aged elongation properties, increase char formation, and decrease smoke generation. The B203 moiety in zinc borate can also provide afterglow suppression (Table 9.6). 

Shen, K.K. and Schultz, D. 2001. Flame retardants. In Rubber Technology—Compounding and Testing for Performance, Hanser, Munich, Germany, p. 248. 

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