Performance Capabilities of Lithium-Based Batteries for Low-Power Applications

2 Performance Capabilities of Lithium-Based Batteries for Low-Power Applications 

The anode, cathode, and electrolyte play a critical role in maintaining the performance of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries for low-power applications [1]. The anode uses the spinel (lithium-titanium-oxide [Li TijOjj]) material for its fabrication because it offers the optimum electrochemical performance for the battery. The spinel is considered to be a complex chemical compound. This anode can deliver a very high retention capability in excess of 150 mAh/g or 150 mAh/kg. This kind of energy density and retention capacity is remarkable and can significantly reduce the weight and size of the battery. As a matter of fact, spinel-based 

Deployment of solid electrolytes generally requires no added liquid solvents. Therefore, the absence of vapor pressure makes the rechargeable battery most ideal for unique applications, such as space aircraft and satellites. 

Cell assembly is accomplished by sandwiching the polymer electrolyte between the composite cathode and the composite anode electrodes. The diameter of the electrodes can be made less than 3/16 of an inch or 0.08 mm. The electrochemical phenomenon is completely contained in the cells made from Teflon plastic material. The battery is assembled in the most compact package with minimum weight and size. 

The spectral purity of spinel Li4Ti50j2 material is of paramount importance. Material scientists have confirmed the presence of two broad-spectrum bands resulting from the symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibrations of the octahedral group lattice. The material scientists also confirmed the presence of the normal spinel. Furthermore, the lack of the absorption bands, which is typical of titanium oxide (TiOj), is a clear indication of the phase purity in the spinel (Li4Ti50i2) material. 

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