Pentamidine interactions

Drugs that may interact with foscarnet include nephrotoxic drugs (eg, aminoglycosides, amphotericin B, IV pentamidine), pentamidine, and zidovudine. Foscarnet decreases serum levels of ionized calcium. Exercise particular caution when other drugs known to influence serum calcium levels are used concurrently. 

Drugs that may interact with zalcitabine include antacids, chloramphenicol, cisplatin, dapsone, didanosine, disulfiram, ethionamide, glutethimide, gold, hydralazine, iodoquinol, isoniazid, metronidazole, nitrofurantoin, phenytoin, ribavirin, vincristine, cimetidine, metoclopramide, amphotericin, aminoglycosides, foscarnet, antiretroviral nucleoside analogs, pentamidine, and probenecid. 

WARNING Renal impair is the major tox foUow administration instructions Uses CMV retinitis w/ HIV Action Selective inhibition of viral DNA synth Dose Rx 5 mg/kg IV over 1 h once/wk for 2 wk w/ probenecid Maint 5 mg/kg IV once/2 wk w/ probenecid (2 g PO 3 h prior to cidofovir, then 1 g PO at 2 h 8 h after cidofovir) X in renal impair Caution [C, -] Contra Probenecid or sulfa allergy Disp Inj SE Renal tox, chills, fever, HA, NA /D, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia Interactions t Nephrotox W/ aminoglycosides, amphot icin B, foscar-net, IV pentamidine, NSAIDs, vancomycin t effects W/zidovudine EMS Monitor ECG for hypocalcemia (t QT int val) and hypokalemia (flattened T waves) OD May cause renal failure hydration may be effective in reducing drug levels/effects Cilostazol (Pletal) TAntiplatelet, Arterial Vasodilator/ Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor] Uses Reduce Sxs of intermittent claudication Action Phosphodiesterase in inhibitor t s cAMP in pits blood vessels, vasodilation inhibit pit aggregation Dose 100 mg PO bid, 1/2 h before or 2 h after breakfast dinner Caution [C, +/-] Contra CHE, hemostatic disorders. 

Foscarnet (Foscavir) [Antiviral] Uses CMV retinitis acyclovir-resistant hCTpes Infxns Action -1- Viral DNA polym ase RT Dose CMV retinitis Induction 60 mg/kg IV qSh or 100 mg/kg ql2h X 14—21 d Meant 90-120 mg/kg/dIV (Moo.-Fiti ) Acyclovir-resistant HSV Induction 40 mg/kg IV q8-12h x 14—21 d use central line -1- w/ renal impair Caution [C, —] T Sz potential w/ fluoroquinolones avoid n hrotoxic Rx (cyclosporine, aminoglycosides, ampho B, protease inhibitors) Contra CrCl <0.4 mL/min/kg Disp Inj SE Nephrotox, electrolyte abnormalities Interactions T Risks of Sz W/ quinolones t risks of n hrotox W/ aminoglycosides, amphotCTicin B, didanosine, pentamidine, vancomycin EMS Known to cause electrolyte disturbances (extremity numbness paresthesia indicates electrol5rte unbalance) monitor ECG OD May cause extremity numbing, and Szs hydrate w/ IV fluids... 

Pentamidine is an aromatic diamidine formulated as an isoethionate salt used parenterally (4 mg/kg IM or slow IV injection). It has activity against trypanosomatid protozoans and against Pneumocystis carinii. It probably interacts with kineto-plast DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II. 

Drug Interactions Zidovudine Probenecid Imipenem-cilastatin Dapsone Pentamidine Flucytosine Vincristine Vinblastine Adriamycin Amphotericin B TMP-SMX Other nucleoside analogues... 

Foscamet sodium should not be mixed with any intravenous infusion drug, since it interacts with glucose- and calcium-containing solutions and sodium, ganciclovir, certain antibacterials, amphotericin, pentamidine isethionate, and trimetrexate.18 Care must be taken to avoid inhalation and exposure of the skin to zalcitabine powder. 

Pentamidine is structurally similar to amiloride and can cause severe hyperkalemia if co-prescribed with potassium-sparing diuretics (10). This is a particularly important interaction in patients with AIDS. 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with amikacin, amphotericin B, delavirdine, drugs causing kidney toxicity, foscarnet, gentamicin, hydroxyurea, pentamidine, tobramycin... 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with amiodarone, bepridil, cisapride, disopyramide, droperidol, erythromycin, flecainide, levodopa, pentamidine, procainamide, quinidine, sotalol, sparfloxacin, terfenadine, thioridazine... 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with albuterol, alcohol, clonidine, corticosteroids, danazol, diuretics, epinephrine, estrogens, isoniazid, lithium, oral contraceptives, pentamidine, phenothiazines, propranolol, somatropin, terbutaline, thyroid... 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with amiodarone, amisulpride, amitriptyline, amoxapine, arsenic, bepridil, bretylium, calcium, chlorpromazine, clomipramine, desipramine, disopyramide, doxepin, erythromycin, fluphenazine, imipramine, iron salts, magnesium, mesoridazine, nortriptyline, pentamidine, perphenazine, phenothiazines, pimozide, procainamide, prochlorperazine, promazine, promethazine, protriptyline, quinidine, sotalol, sucralfate, thioridazine, tricyclic antidepressants, trifluoperazine, trimipramine, zinc salts... 

Lamivudine inhibits the intracellular phosphorylation of zalcitabine and antagonizes zalcitabine s antiretroviral activity in vitro, although the clinical significance of this interaction is unknown. Probenecid increases the zalcitabine AUC by about 50%, probably through inhibition of tubular secretion cimetidine increases the AUC by 36% via an unknown mechanism. Zalcitabine should be avoided in patients with a history of pancreatitis or neuropathy because the risk and severity of both complications increase. Coadministration of other drugs that cause pancreatitis or neuropathy also will increase the risk and severity of these symptoms. Ethambutol, isoniazid, vincristine, cisplatin, and pentamidine, as well as the antiretroviral drugs didanosine and stavudine, therefore, should be avoided. 

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