Pentamidine

Pentamidine is an aromatic diamidine. Pentamidine uptake by the parasite is mediated by several different adenosine transporters. The mode of action is unclear. 

Haemolymphatic stage (acute stage) For the last two decades, the first line treatment for the acute stage are Pentamidine and Suramin [2]. One compound, the prodrug DB 289 (a diamidine), is currently in phase III clinical trials. 

Pentamidine isethionate (Pentam 300, the parenteral form NebuPent, die aerosol form) is used in die treatment (parenteral form) or prevention (aerosol form) of... 

This drug is contraindicated in individuals who have had previous hypersensitivity reactions to pentamidine isethionate. Pentamidine isethionate is used cautiously in patients with hypertension, hypotension, hyperglycemia, renal impairment, diabetes mellitus, liver impairment, bone marrow depression, pregnancy (Category C), or lactation. 

An additive nephrotoxicity develops when pentamidine isethionate is administered with other nephrotoxic drugs (eg, aminoglycosides, vancomycin, or amphotericin B). An additive bone marrow depression occurs when the drug is administered with antineoplastic drugs or when the patient lias received radiation therapy recently. 

The patient may be required to receive aerosol pentamidine at home. Before discharge, the nurse checks to make sure that arrangements have been made to deliver the specialized equipment and supplies, such as a Respirgard II nebulizer and diluent, to the home. The nurse also instructs the patient and caregiver on how to administer the drug ... 

When pentamidine is prescribed for aerosol use at home, the nurse reviews the use of the special nebulizer, as well as directions for cleaning and maintaining the nebulizer equipment (see Home Care Checklist Administering Pentamidine at Home). 

C< H2oBr2 111-24-0) see Cilasiatin Dezocine Dicycloverine Pentamidine 21,21-dibromopregn-4-ene-3,lli20-trione (C2]H26Br203) see Hydrocortisone... 

Didanosine, 1-asparaginase, lamivudine, metformin, pentamidine, statins, stavudine, sulindac, valproic acid, and zalcitabine... 

Other drugs that are commonly implicated in causing ARF include acyclovir, adefovir, carboplatin, cidofovir, cisplatin, foscarnet, ganciclovir, indinavir, methotrexate, pentamidine, ritonavir, sulfinpyrazone, and tenofovir.45... 

Pentamidine Decrease, then Toxic to /3-cells initial release of stored... 

The answer is d. (Hardman, p 989.) Both trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and pentamidine are effective in pneumonia caused by E carinii. This protozoal disease usually occurs in immunodeficient patients, such as those with AIDS. Nifurtimox is effective in trypanosomiasis and metronidazole in amebiasis and leishmaniasis, as well as in anaerobic bacterial infections. Penicillins are not considered drugs of choice for this particular disease state. 

Uncommon causes of diabetes (1% to 2% of cases) include endocrine disorders (e.g., acromegaly, Cushing s syndrome), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), diseases of the exocrine pancreas (e.g., pancreatitis), and medications (e.g., glucocorticoids, pentamidine, niacin, and a-interferon). 

---