Penicillins mezlocillin

When used for intraabdominal infection, aminoglycosides should be combined with agents that are effective against the majority of B. fragilis. Clindamycin or metronidazole is the agent of first choice, but others, such as antianaerobic cephalosporins (e.g., cefoxitin, cefotetan, or ceftizoxime), piperacillin, mezlocillin, and combinations of extended-spectrum penicillins... 

The answer is b. (Hardman, pp 1077—1086.) Piperacillin is a broad-spectrum, semisynthetic penicillin for parenteral use. Its spectrum of activity includes various Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms including Pseudomonas. The indications for piperacillin are similar to those for car-benicillin, ticarcillin, and mezlocillin, with the primary use being sus-... 

Fourth generation Examples are piperacillin, azlocillin, and mezlocillin that kill all the bacterial strains covered by the third generation with higher potency. This generation of penicillins is also susceptible to fylactamases. 

Mezlocillin, piperacillin, and ticarcillin are parenteral antibiotics formulated as sodium salts, so prescribers must consider the sodium content of these antibiotics when administering them to patients with congestive heart failure. During their distribution phase, antipseudomonal penicillins achieve orfly low concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid. Consequently, antipseudomonal penicillins are not among the drugs of first choice for meningitis therapy. 

The antipseudomonal penicillins undergo renal elimination (Table 45.1). Piperacillin and ticarcillin have minimal hepatic metabolism. In contrast, mezlocillin has significant hepatic metabolism and requires dose adjustment in patients with hepatic insufficiency. 

The antipseudomonal penicillins have comparable spectra of activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens, including most anaerobes. Mezlocillin, piperacillin, and ticarcillin have similar clinical outcomes in patients with known or suspected P. aeruginosa infections. Antipseudomonal penicillins are used to treat pneumonias associated with cystic fibrosis or mechanical ventilation. 

Rx amoxicillin, ampicillin, bacampicillin, carbenicillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, flucloxacillin, methicillin, mezlocillin, nafcillin, oxacillin, penicillin G benzathine, penicillin G potassium, penicillin Vpotassium, piperacillin, pivampicillin, pivme-cillinam, ticarcillin Penicillin and beta-lactamase inhibitors amoxicillin/ clavulanate potassium, ampicillin/sulbactam sodium, piperacillin sodium/ tazobactam sodium, ticarcillin disodium/clavulanate potassium Chemical Class Penicillin, natural... 

Amoxicillin [Amoxil, Polymox, others] Ampicillin [Omnipen, Polycillin, others] Bacampicillin [Spectrobid] Extended-spectrum penicillins Carbenicillin [Geocillin, Geopen, Pyopen] Mezlocillin [Mezlan]... 

Antipseudomonal penicillin Carbenicillin, ticarcillin, azlocillin, mezlocillin, piperacillin. ... 

High doses of sodium penicillin can cause urinary potassium loss, presumably by acting as a non-absorbable anion in the distal tubule (30). Apparently by analogous mechanisms a variety of semisjmthetic peniciUins, including carbenicUhn, cloxacUhn, mezlocillin, nafcUhn,... 

Thrombocytopenia with penicillins has very rarely been reported (57-61). In two cases with mezlocillin (62) and piperacillin + azobactam (63) antibodies became attached to the platelets in the presence of the incriminated drug. The second of these cases is of particular interest, since drug-dependent antibodies were found in the presence of piperacillin but not tazobactam. 

Synonyms Aminopenicillins Amoxicillin Amp-icillin Carbenicillin Bacampacillin. Extended spectrum Carbenicillin Mezlocillin, Piperacillins, Ticarcillins. Natural penicillins Penicillin G Penicillin V. Pencillinase-resistant Cloxacillin Di-cloxacillin Methicillin Nafcillin Oxacillin Chemical/Pharmaceutical/Other Class Antibiotic... 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with amiloride, aminoglycosides, amphotericin B, ampicillin, anisindione, anticoagulants, armodafinil, atorvastatin, azathioprine, azithromycin, bacampicillin, basiliximab, bezafibrate, bosentan, bupropion, carbenicillin, caspofungin, cholestyramine, clarithromycin, cloxacillin, co-trimoxazole, corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, daclizumab, danazol, dicloxacillin, dicumarol, digoxin, diltiazem, disulfiram, echinacea, erythromycin, ethotoin, etoposide, ezetimibe, flunisolide, fluoxymesterone, fluvastatin, foscarnet, fosphenytoin, gemfibrozil, hemophilus B vaccine, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, imatinib, imipenem/cilastatin, influenza vaccines, ketoconazole, lanreotide, lopinavir, lovastatin, mephenytoin, methicillin, methoxsalen, methylphenidate, methylprednisolone, methyltestosterone, mezlocillin, mizolastine, mycophenolate, nafcillin, nisoldipine, NSAIDs, orlistat, oxacillin, penicillins, phellodendron, phenytoin, pravastatin, prednisolone, prednisone, pristinamycin, ranolazine, red rice yeast, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, ritonavir, rosuvastatin, simvastatin, sirolimus, spironolactone, St John s wort, sulfacetamide, sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfisoxazole, sulfonamides, tacrolimus, telithromycin, tenoxicam, testosterone, ticarcillin, tolvaptan, trabectedin, triamterene, troleandomycin, ursodeoxycholic acid, vaccines, vecuronium, warfarin, zofenopril... 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with amoxicillin, ampicillin, antacids, bacampicillin, calcium carbonate, carbenicillin, cloxacillin, digoxin, methotrexate, methoxyflurane, mezlocillin, nafcillin, oxacillin, penicillins, piperacillin, ticarcillin, zinc... 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with acitretin, aldesleukin, aminoglycosides, amiodarone, amoxicillin, ampicillin, aspirin, bacampicillin, bismuth, carbenicillin, chloroquine, cisplatin, cloxacillin, co-trimoxazole, dapsone, demeclocycline, dexamethasone, diclofenac, dicloxacillin, etodolac, etoricoxib, etretinate, fenoprofen, flurbiprofen, folic acid antagonists, haloperidol, hydrocortisone, ibuprofen, indomethacin, influenza vaccines, ketoprofen, ketorolac, lithium, magnesium trisalicylate, meclofenamate, mefenamic acid, methicillin, mezlocillin, minocycline, nabumetone, nafcillin, naproxen, NSAIDs, omeprazole, oxacillin, oxaprozin, oxytetracycline, paromomycin, penicillin G, penicillin V, penicillins, phenylbutazone, piperacillin, piroxicam, polypeptide antibiotics, prednisolone, prednisone, probenecid, procarbazine, rofecoxib, salicylates, salsalate, sapropterin, sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfapyridine, sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole, sulindac, tazobactum, tenoxicam, tetracycline, ticarcillin, tolmetin, trimethoprim, vaccines... 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with acitretin, aluminum hydroxide, amoxicillin, ampicillin, antacids, bacampicillin, betamethasone, bismuth, bromelain, calcium, carbenicillin, cholestyramine, doxacillin, corticosteroids, dairy products, dicloxacillin, didanosine, digoxin, food, glidazide, iron, isotretinoin, methicillin, methotrexate, methoxyflurane, mezlocillin, nafcillin, oxacillin, penicillins, piperacillin, retinoids, rocuronium, strontium ranelate, sucralfate, ticarcillin, vitamin A, zinc... 

After the influx of several a-amino penicillins such as ampicillin (Table 1) and related analogues, and the p-lactamase stable isoxazolyl penicillins in the 1950s and early 1960s, attention turned to identifying derivatives having a broader spectrum of activity. Carbenicillin and later, ticarcillin, reached the marketplace by the early 1970s. Effort then focused on the acyl and ureido ampicillin derivatives and culminated in the commercialization first of azlocillin and mezlocillin, then of piperacillin. Many thousands of derivatives were synthesized and some of the more active examples that have made tittle or no commercial impact are shown in Tables 2 and 3. 

Ticarcillin, mezlocillin, or piperacillin tobramycin, gentamicin, or amikacin Penicillin G... 

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