Pelagic

With the help of equiUbrium constants, the extent of adsorption can be predicted as a function of pH and solution variables (7,25,43). Based on this model, the partitioning of metal ions and of ligands (organic and inorganic anions between water and pelagic clays and suspended particles) can be explained. 

Pekannuss, /. pecan nut, pecan, pektin-artig, a. pectin-like, -ig, a. pectinous. Pektin-korper, m. pectic substance, -s ure, /. pectic acid, -stoff, m., -substanz, /. pectio substance, -zucker, m. arabinose. pelagisch, a. pelagic. 

Fig. A.3. Light meter used by the author (Model 8020, Pelagic Electronics). For total light measurements, the signals are integrated with capacitors. Milliammeter reading is automatically reset at full-scale position, and the number of resets is digitally indicated below the meter. The box at the right contains a photomultiplier and sample compartment.

Russell,F. S. (1970). The Medusae of the British Isles,V ol. II Pelagic Scypho-zoa with a supplement to the first volume on hydromedusae. Cambridge University Press, London. 

Tsuji, F. I., and Leisman, G. (1982). Membrane-bound bioluminescence in the pelagic squid. Symplectoteutbis oualaniensis. In Hastings, J. W., and Gitelzon, I. I. (eds.), Biolyumin. Tikhon Okeane. Mater. Simp. Tikhookean. Nauchn. Kongr. 14th, 1979, pp. 127-135. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Sib. Otd., Inst. Fiz. Krasnoyarsk, USSR. 

The sediment surface separates a mixture of solid sediment and interstitial water from the overlying water. Growth of the sediment results from accumulation of solid particles and inclusion of water in the pore space between the particles. The rates of sediment deposition vary from a few millimeters per 1000 years in the pelagic ocean up to centimeters per year in lakes and coastal areas. The resulting flux density of solid particles to the sediment surface is normally in the range 0.006 to 6 kg/m per year (Lerman, 1979). The corresponding flux density of materials dissolved in the trapped water is 10 to 10 kg/m per year. Chemical species may also be transported across the sediment surface by other transport processes. The main processes are (Lerman, 1979) ... 

Sediment type %CaCO % clastic and clayey material % amorphous silica % pelagic sed. Composition... 

Froelich, P. M., Klinkhammer, G. P., Bender, M. L. et al. (1979). Early oxidation of organic matter in pelagic sediments of the eastern equatorial Atlantic suboxic diagenesis, Geochem. Cosmochim. Acta 43, 1075-1090. 

Sommer T, Armor C, Baxter R, Breuer R, Brown L, Chotkowski M, Culberson S, Feyrer F, Gingras M, Herbold B, Kimmerer W, Mueller-Solger A, Nobriga M, Souza K (2007) The collapse of pelagic fishes in the upper San Francisco Estuary. Eisheries 32 270-277... 

Kucklick JR, HR Harvey, PH Ostrom, NE Ostrom, JE Baker (1996) Organochlorine dynamics in the pelagic food web of Lake Baikal. Anal Chim Acta 15 1388-1400. 

Zooplankton are small, often microscopic crustaceans that live in the water colunm. They are widely distributed, common, and important in pelagic food webs. Zooplankton are eaten by marty fish and by early life stages of some fish that become piscivorous as juverriles or adrrlts. Zooplankton are not eaten by httmans but are an appropriate and relevant candidate indicator because of their importance in the trophic transfer of MeHg to fish. Sampling would not significantly affect populations or assemblages of zooplankton, even in small lakes. 

Vander Zanden MJ, Vadeboncoeur Y. 2002. Fishes as integrators of benthic and pelagic food webs in lakes. Ecology 83 2152-2161. 

Watras CJ, Back RC, Halvorsen S, Hudson RJM, Morrison KA, Wente SR 1998. Bioaccumulation of mercury in pelagic freshwater food webs. Sci Total Envhon 219 183-208. 

Nicholson JK, Osborn D. 1983. Kidney lesions in pelagic seabirds with high tissue levels of cadmium and mercury. J Zool London 200 99-118. 

Lead isotopes. Sato and Sasaki (1973) concluded on the basis of a remarkable narrow range in lead isotopic composition of Kuroko ores that lead of Kuroko ore came from deep-seated source which originated from subducting pelagic sediments. 

Hole MJ, Saunders AD, Marriner GF, Tamey J (1984) Subduction of pelagic sediments implications for the origin of Ce-anomalous basalts from the Mariana islands. J Geol Soc London 141 453-472 Holland HD (1984) The Chemical Evolution of the Atmosphere and Oceans. Princeton Uiuversity Press, Princeton... 

Newman S, Macdougall JD, Finkel RC (1986) Petrogenesis and °Th- U disequilibrium at Mt. Shasta, Califonua, and in the Cascades. Contrib Mineral Petrol 93 195-206 Nichols GT, Wylhe PJ Stem CR (1994) Subduction zone melting of pelagic sediments constrained by melting experiments. Nature 371 785-788... 

A correlation exists between the flux of particles collected by sediment traps and the ( Paxs/ °Thxs) of these particles (Kumar et al. 1995). In pelagic regions, particulate material settling through the deep sea is almost entirely of biogenic origin. A... 

Zeiske E.B., Theisen B. and Breuckner H. (1989). Olfactory organs in pelagic and benthic elasmobranchs. Zool Fortsch 35, 370-372. 

Tsaihwa J. Chow and C. C. Patterson. The Occurrence and Significance of Lead Isotopes in Pelagic Sediments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 26 (Feb. 1962) 263-308. 

Chemical Structure of Pelagic Redox Interfaces Observation and Modeling... 

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