Pease, William

Pease, William S. 1992. The Role of Cancer Risk in the Regulation of Industrial Pollution. Risk Analysis 12 (2) 253-65. 

The Flory-Williams RIS models describing the conformational characteristics of polyesters and polyamides are combined to calculate the dimensions of the alternating polyesteramide PEA. Excellent agreement is found with experimental values of the unperturbed dimensions. New determinations of molecular dipole moments are reported for dimethyl-frans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate and for trans-1,4-cyclohexanedlol diacetate. 

Williams, R.J. and Leopold, A.C. Changes in glass transition temperatures in germinating pea seeds. Seed Sci. Res., 5,117,1995. 

Roughan etal 2) compared acetate, pyruvate and malonate as potential precursors and found that acetate was about three times better than pyruvate while malonate was not used at all. Consistent with this result is the report of Kuhn elal Q) who found that acetate concentration in plant tissue is in the order of mM and that acetate thiokinase is localized in the plastld. Nevertheless, alternative substrates can not be entirely excluded at this stage. Schulze-Siebert etal (4) have reported that when chloroplasts are incubated with bicarbonate, pyruvate accumulates in the chloroplast. Furthermore Williams and Randall (5) have reported that pyruvate dehydrogenase of pea chloroplasts has an activity of 6-9 pmol/h/mg chlorophyll. It is therefore conceivable that the acetyl CoA used in the first steps of fatty acid synthesis is derived from pyruvate. 

A pair of pea-sized glands that lie beneath the prostate gland. Cowper s glands secrete an alkaline fluid that forms part of the semen. This fluid neutralizes the acidic environment of the urethra, thereby protecting the sperm. The glands are named after William Cowper (1666-1709). See also seminal vesicle. 

Williams showed that the heptafiuorobutyryl derivatives of the three unphosphorylated forms of vitamin Bg may be separated by GLC. The highly electronegative nature of the derivatives made electron capture detection suitable for the sensitive assay of the Bg vitamers (152). Patzer and Hilker used N-methyl-bis-trifluoroacetamide (MBTFA) to form derivatives of B vitamers which could be separated by GLC and quantitated by flame ionization detection (153). However, the sensitivity of the flame ionization detector was insufficient to allow quantitation of the Bg vitamers in biological samples. Lim et al. showed that the MBTFA derivatives of B vitamers could be measured at increased sensitivity with a GLC equipped with a N electron capture detector (154). Lim and coworkers used this method to determine the vitamin Be content of bread, skimmed milk, and peas (154). 

Schreiber, U. and Armond, P.A. (1978). Heat-induced changes of chlorophyll fluorescence in isolated chloroplasts and related heat-damage at the pigment level, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 502 138-151. CKD Thomas, P.G., Dominy, P.J., Vigh, L., Mansourian, A.R., Quinn, P.J and Williams, W.P- (1986). Increased thermal stability of pigment-protein complexes of pea thylakoids following catalytic hydrogenation of membrane lipids, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 849 131-140. 

Fig. 9. Electron micrograph (courtesy of Dr. R. C. Williams) of ribonucleopro-tein particles from pea seedlings, prepared according to Raacke JS6S). The particles, suspended in distilled water, were sprayed from a Vaponeferin nebulizer onto collo-dium-covered grids and shadowed with uranium at an angle of 3 1 the polystyrene reference particles are 2G0 m/i in diameter. Magnification X65,C00.

We have used 8 mM G3P in the determinations for the chilling sensitive species, which may not represent saturating levels for this substrate, but are certainly well above the Km values for G3P for spinach and pea (Frentzen, eta ., 1983). Table 1 summarizes the kinetic parameters derived for the stromal acyltransferases of these plants as well as for spinach, and pea (Frentzen, eta/., 1983). Km and Vmax values were derived using a computer program (Williams,... 

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