Pearl essence

Guanine (Pearl Essence). Guanine (Cl Natural White 1, Cl No. 75170), is the crystalline material obtained from fish scales and consists principally of the two putines, guanine [73-40-5] (42) and hypoxanthine [68-94-0] (43). The guanine content of the colorant varies from 75% to 97%, whereas the hypoxanthine content ranges from 3% to 25%, depending on the particular fish and tissue from which the crystals ate derived. 

Bismuth oxychloride [7787-59-9]—Cl Pigment White 14, Cl No. 77163. A synthetically prepared white or nearly white amorphous or finely crystalline, odorless powder consisting principally of BiOCl. Bismuth oxychloride is synthetic pearl essence. It is used in Upstick, nail poHsh, eye makeup, and other cosmetics to produce a lustrous, pearly effect. 

Guanine is a crystalline amorphous substance that is found in guano, fish scales, and the liver of certain mammals. Guanine is responsible for the silvery iridescence of certain fish scales. Before its discovery, guanine was scraped from fish scales and used to coat beads to produce imitation pearls. Thus it was called pearl essence or pearly white in the 1700s. Guanine obtained from fish scales is used in cosmetics, especially for eye cosmetics and nail polishes. 

Natural pearl essence (Essence d Oriente, Fish Silver) is a pigment suspension derived from fish scales, skin, or bladder. It is the oldest commercial pearl luster pigment, consisting mainly of a mixture of the purines guanine [73-40-5] (75-97%) and hypoxanthine [68-94-0] (25-3%). 

Due to its tendency to agglomerate in dry form, natural pearl essence is handled as a 22-25% dispersion in various media (e.g., nitro-cellulose lacquer for nail... 

Under appropriate reaction conditions, regular hexagonal platelets (ca. 50 nm thick and 20 pm in diameter) can be obtained. The high refractive index (n — 2.0), high aspect ratio (> 200), and the extremely even surface of basic lead carbonate make it an optical match to natural pearl essence. 

Substrate-Free Pearl Luster Pigments Natural Pearl Essence... 

Natural pearl essence is isolated as a silky lustrous suspension from fish scales. The organic pigment particles in the suspension are platelet-shaped with a very high aspect ratio (0.05 pm x 1-10 pm x 20-50 pm), and consist of 75-97% guanine and 3-25% hypoxanthine (natural fish silver) [5.122, 5.123, 5.128, 5.130]. 

Natural pearl essence is very expensive but shows some advantages over synthetic pearl luster pigments. For example, it shows a high but soft luster (no = 1.79 (parallel) to 1.91 (perpendicular)). It is not brittle and has a relatively low density of 1.6 g cm which reduces setthng in liquid formulations. It is almost exclusively used in expensive cosmetic applications. 

Equalizers can be either pigmented or dye-type stains used to tone down or lighten dark areas of wood prior to finishing. Although it is not as effective, equalizing is sometimes done in place of bleaching. Because there are no white dyes, white pigment or pearl essence is usually incorporated with the dyes to achieve the desired look. 

Mearlmai [Mead] Guanine blends natural pearl essence. 

Although pearlescent pigments encompass the natural pearl essence derived from the fish and also the various crystal forms of bismuth oxychloride, it is the coatings of titanium dioxide and iron oxide on mica that have gained the most acceptance and are the most commercially successful. It is the coatings of titanium dioxide on mica and their derivatives that are the subjects of this study. 

Natural pearl essence Natural white 1 Pearl essence... 

Natural musk ambrette. See Ambrettolide Natural orange 4. See Annatto (Bixa orellana) Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract Natural orange 6. See Lawsone Natural pearl essence. See Guanine Natural red 4. See Carminic acid Natural Red Beet Liq. 275280. See Betanine Natural red oxide. See Ferric oxide Natural rubber CAS 9006-04-6... 

Pearl essence. See Guanine Pear/-G/o . See Bismuth oxychloride Pearlitol . SeeD-Mannitol Pearl Luster Agent MS. See Glycol distearate Pearl stearic. See Stearic acid Pearlstick 46-10/06. See Polyurethane, thermoplastic... 

Pearlescent pigment (pearl-essence pigment, nacreous pigment) n. A pigment... 

Pearl essence (ca. 1909) n. Extract from fish scales used for obtaining the mother-of-pearl effect. 

The original pearlescent colorant was natural pearl essence (natural fish scales). The material is too fragile for most plastics processing, but it has been used in cellulose acetate eyeglass frames. Synthetic pigments include basic lead carbonate, lead... 

Mearlmaid, Natural pearl essence, Engelhard Corp. 

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