Peanut, Arachis hypogea

Aflatoxin Bj, from Aspergillus flavus growing on peanuts (Arachis hypogea)... 

Peanuts (Arachis hypogea) contain about 25% protein and are reported to have two proteins, namely, arachin and conarachin, of which the former is the major one. Isolation, composition, and properties of peanut proteins were reviewed by J. C. Arthur, Jr. in 1953, a review covering the literature up to 1951 (Peanut protein isolation, composition and properties... 

Peanut (Arachis hypogea) belongs to the Papilionacea family of the Fabales order, which also includes pea, bean, soybean, lupine, chickpea, and lentil (Duranti and Gius 1997, Makri et al. 2005). 

Since L-arabinose is a constituent unit of many natural products a number of methylated derivatives of this sugar have been isolated by the hydrolysis of methylated polysaccharides. Thus methylated peanut (Arachis hypogea) araban and sugar beet araban give trimethyl-L-arabofuranose, 2,3-dimethyl-L-arabinose and 2-methyl-L-arabinose in equal proportions.84 From methylated gum arabic trimethyl-L-arabo-furanose and 2,5-dimethyl-L-arabinose have been isolated.85 These same compounds have also been isolated from methylated cherry gum86 and methylated damson gum,87 whereas methylated mesquite gum88 affords 3,5-dimethyl- and 2,3,5-trimethyl-L-arabinose on hydrolysis. 

Pea, Pisum sativum, 50, 578 Peach, Prunus persica, 202 Peanut, Arachis hypogea, 796 Pear, Pyrus communis, 202, 303 Pepper, Piper spp., 297 Pine... 

Peanut, Arachis hypogea pecan, Carya illinoensis pine. Firms taeda... 

Chen (46) used sodium hydroxide extracts from southern pine Pinus spp.) bark, peanut Arachis hypogea) hulls, and pecan Carya illinoensis) pith as 20% replacements for phenol-formaldehyde resins in plywood adhesives. Bond quality was highly dependent on veneer moisture content and assembly time. Exterior quality bonds (U.S. Product Standard PS-1-74) in southern pine plywood were obtained if the veneer moisture content was 7.0% with 60-minute assembly times. Phenol-formaldehyde resin replacements could be increased to 40% by peanut hull and pecan pith extracts when the extraction solutions containing 5% of sodium hydroxide were used (45). Southern pine veneer (0.32 cm) was spread at a rate of 41.5 to 42.5 g/lOOOcm of double glue line and the layups were stored in a... 

The representative of stilbenes with antimicrobial and antioxidant effects is (E)-resveratrol (3,4, 5-trfliydroxystilbene, 10-146), an antifungal substance produced by a relatively limited number of plant species in response to biotic and abiotic stress and UV light irradiation. Resveratrol is synthesised by common grape vine Vitis vinifera, Vitaceae), some legumes, such as peanuts Arachis hypogea, Fabaceae), conifers and some other plants. 

D-Arabinan is the only pentoglyccm other than D-xylan found in nature, and it is widely distributed as one of the three components of the pectic substances. Separation of arabinan from accompanying galactan is difficult. The pectin from peanuts (Arachis hypogea) is low in galactan and is a convenient source of pure arabinan. On hydrolysis it yields L-arabinose as the sole product. Structuralstudiesindicate that the backbone of the molecule is a chain of -l-( i 5) -linked L-arabinofuranose residues, with single L-arabinofu-ranose residues a-L-(i -> 3)-linked to every second unit on the main chain. 

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