Papilionaceae family

Peanut (Arachis hypogea) belongs to the Papilionacea family of the Fabales order, which also includes pea, bean, soybean, lupine, chickpea, and lentil (Duranti and Gius 1997, Makri et al. 2005). 

These are also referred to as lupin alkaloids since they were first discovered in Lupinus spp. They occur primarily in the Papilionaceae family. The quinolizidine structure consists of two carbon rings with a shared nitrogen atom. Their precursor is lysine. 

It has become customary to call the principal members of this group the lupin alkaloids, but in view of their wide distribution in the Papilionaceae, a better title is that suggested above, since they appear to be the characteristic alkaloids of this leguminous sub-family. This is not the only type of alkaloid found in the Leguminosae other types occur, e.g., in Acacia (p. 631), Crotalaria (p. 601), Erythrina (p. 386), Mimosa (p. 4) and Pentaclethra (p. 776). 

Quinolizidine alkaloids (lupine alkaloids) occur in the family Leguminosae, especially the subfamily Papilionaceae. They are also found in some species of other families such as Chenopodiaceae, Berberidaceae, Papaveraceae, Nymphaeaceae, Ranunculaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Compositae, Rubiaceae, Monimiaceae, Ericaceae, and Adociidae. 

The lupin alkaloids are found most abundantly in genera within the Leguminosae family and especially within the Papilionaceae, leguminous sub-family, but certain of the lupin alkaloids are also found in the plants of other families, such as the Chenopodiaceae, Berberidaceae, and... 

The alkaloids of this group are formed by plants of the Papilionaceae (Fabaceae), Chenopodiaceae, Berberidaceae and Papaveraceae families. Usually alkaloid mixtures occur, as with other plants. They can occur in company with other alkaloid types, e. g., those containing a pyridine... 

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