Paullinia cupana

Guarana (Paullinia cupana). Reprinted from Culbreth DMR. (1927). Materia Medica and Pharmacognosy, 7th ed. Philadelphia Lea Febiger. [Pg.94]

Caffeine Caffeine [l,3,7-trimethyl-l//-purine-2,6(3/7,7//)-dione], molecular formula C8H10N4O2, is a xanthine (purine) alkaloid, found mainly in tea leaves Camellia sinensis) and coffee beans (Coffea arabica). Caffeine is sometimes called guaranine when found in guarana (Paullinia cupana), mateine when found in mate (Ilex paraguariensis) and theine when found in tea. Caffeine is found in a number of other plants, where it acts as a natural pesticide. It is odourless white needles or powder. Apart from its presence in the tea and coffee that we drink regularly, caffeine is also an ingredient of a number of soft drinks. [Pg.300]

The seeds of the Brazilian plant Paullinia cupana (Sapindaceae) are used to make a stimulant drink. Crushed seeds are mixed with water to a paste, which is then sun dried. Portions of this are then boiled with hot water to provide a refreshing drink. The principal constituent, previously called guaranine, has been shown to be identical to caffeine, and the seeds may contain 3-5%. Small amounts of theophylline (0-0.25%) and theobromine (0.02-0.06%) are also present. Guarana is widely available as tablets and capsules, or as extracts, in health food shops where it is promoted to relieve mental and physical fatigue. Labels on such products frequently show the active constituent to be guaranine, but may not indicate that this is actually caffeine. [Pg.396]

Baumann TW, Schulthess BH and Hanni K (1995) Guarana (Paullinia cupana) rewards seed dispersers without intoxicating them by caffeine. Phytochemistry 39, 1063-1070. [Pg.404]

GUARANA -- Paullinia cupana HBK. Family Sapindaceae (Soapberry family). [Pg.9]

Bydlowski, S.P., D Amico, E.A., and Chamone, D.A. 1991. An aqueous extract of guarana (Paullinia cupana) decreases platelet thromboxane synthesis. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 24, 421-424. [Pg.326]

Methyl derivatives of xanthine (2,3-dioxypurine) namely caffeine (1,3,7-trimethyl-xanthine), theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine) and theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine) (Section 1, Appendix) are variously found in plants used for stimulatory drinks such as Ilex paraguayensis (mate) (Aquifoliaceae), Coffea species (coffee) (Rubiaceae), Paullinia cupana (guarana) (Sapindaceae), Cola acuminata (cola) and Theabroma cacao (cocoa) (Sterculiaceae) and Camellia sinensis (tea) (Theaceae). These methylxanthines are variously active as inhibitors of... [Pg.20]

Ilex paraguayensis (mate) (Aquifoliaceae), Coffea arabica, Coffea spp. (coffee) (Rubiaceae) [coffee bean], Paullinia cupana (guarana) (Sapindaceae),... [Pg.143]

Coffeine Guaranine (Rubiaceae), Paullinia cupana (ryanodine R) [cardiac, CNS... [Pg.145]

Ilex paraguayensis (Aquifoliaceae), Paullinia cupana (Sapindaceae), Cola acuminata, Theobroma cacao (Sterculiaceae), Camellia sinensis (Theaceae)... [Pg.168]

Paullinia cupana), and mate Ilex paraguariensis). All of these species are used in various parts of the world to produce beverages that reduce fatigue. [Pg.256]

Paullinia cupana (guarana) Selaginella doederleinii (spike moss) Anisodus tanguticus (Zangqie)... [Pg.1618]

Paullinia cupana (guarana) Petasites species (butterbur) Pfaffia paniculate (Brazilian ginseng)... [Pg.1619]

Guarana Paullinia cupana Senna Cassia species... [Pg.1621]

Paullinia cupana (guarana) contains the xanthines theobromine and theophylline as well as flavone glycosides. The crushed seeds of P. cupana are made into a dried paste called guarana, from which a beverage is prepared. All of its effects are directly related to its high content of caffeine-like substances. [Pg.3104]

Guarana Dried Paste, Paullinia Cupana Brazil... [Pg.358]

Kennedy DO, Haskell CF, Wesnes KA, Scholey AB. Improved cognitive performance in human volunteers following administration of guardna (paullinia cupana) extract comparsion and interaction with panax ginseng. Parmacol Biochem Behav 2004 79 401411. [Pg.191]

Caffeine in guarana (Paullinia cupana), mate (Ilex paraguariensis), or concentrated green tea (Camelia sinensis) elicits a wide range of excitatory symptoms, particularly if it is present in excess. These plant products are frequently present in slimming preparations, and consumers should be aware of their potential to cause palpitations, sweating, insomnia, restlessness, agitations, tremors, headache, polydipsia and polyuria (DeSmet, 2004 Elvin-Lewis, 2001). [Pg.264]

P. notoginseng, P. zingerberensis Panax quinquefolius Eleuthrococcus senticosus Amorhophallus konjac Hydrastis canadensis Coptis chinensis Citrus paradisi Cyamopsis tetra-gonoloba Paullinia cupana Commiphora mukul Crategus monobyna Podophyllum emodi Datura metel Aesculus hippocastanum Ormosia coccinea Callilepsis laureola Juniperus spp. [Pg.292]

GUARANA SEEDS, Guaranae semen The plant Paullinia cupana Kunth, family Sapindaceae, grows along the Orinoco River in Venezuela and in the Amazonas region in Brazil, where cultivation is also found. [Pg.112]

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