Pattern construction

Regarding this relationship, when designing the mold it is necessary to know the flow direction. To obtain this information, a simple flow pattern construction can be used (Fig. 3-28) via computer analysis. However, the flow direction is not constant. In some cases the flow direction in the filling phase differs from that in the holding phase. Here the question arises of whether this must be considered using superposition. 

One method to realize the taste sensor may be the utilization of similar materials to biological systems as the transducer. The biological membrane is composed of proteins and lipids. Proteins are main receptors of taste substances. Especially for sour, salty, or bitter substances, the lipid-membrane part is also suggested to be the receptor site [6]. In biological taste reception, taste stimulus changes the receptor potentials of taste cells, which have various characteristics in reception [7,8]. Then the pattern constructed of receptor potentials is translated into the excitation pattern in taste neurons (across-fiber-pattem theory). 

As test aqueous drinks, two commercial drinks of different brands were chosen. Figure 10 shows the electrical potential patterns of these two drinks. While they are not so different, the discrimination is easy because of standard deviations of 2mV. We attempted to fit the above patterns constructed from eight functions to the output electrical potential pattern of one of commercial drinks (let us call "drink A" for convenience) by minimizing the following value. 

To dye the wool in a union without staining the cellulose, which may be either regenerated or natural, is comparatively simple. It is not very common for the wool to be dyed and the cellulose to be left white, but it is quite a general practice to incorporate a pattern constructed out of cellulosic yarns dyed in fast colours with an undyed wool background. The problem of dyeing such materials wool way is the same as leaving the other component white, because a non-staining method must be used. 

Fig. 3. Sequence patterns construction sites and construction order on synthon...

As mentioned above the tenn Bauveiband has been introduced by Laves (1930) and can be translated as connection pattern, construction pattern or framework. There is a direct correlation between the Bauvert de and the n-connected nets by Wells (1954 ff.). We will stick to the German term. 

The basis of most research is that the fabric tension and the radius of the human curved surface determine garment pressure. In the pattern construction the si ested reduction of circumferences by 20% and overall length reductions of 20%-25% seems to be typical. Most research was carried out using simulated body circumferences to actual body zones. 

Conventional shirt-sleeve pattern construction allows the arms to be raised and move fieely. However, it can be observed (see Fig 4) that t en the arm is lowered, diagonal wrinkles form towards the under arm. In the illustration (see Fig 5) the shirt-sleeve profile (solid line) is achieved by slashing and spreading the set-in sleeve pattern (dotted line). As the width of the sleeve increases, the underarm is lengthened and the crown becomes shallower, allowing the wearer to move with ease. 

T Kirstein, S Kizywinski and H Rodel, Pattern construction for close-fitting gammits made of knitted btics , AfellUmd Textilberichte, 1999 80(3) E46-48/146-148. 

O Brien, R. and W. C. Shelton (1941). Women s measurements for garment and pattern construction. Washington, DC, United States Government Printing Office. 

The process of pattern construction for apparel design and production is complex and diverse. The traditions of pattemmaking have evolved over the centuries, since the invention of the tape measure in the late eighteenth century allowed for a systematic approach to pattern-cutting methods and enabled garments to be mass produced (Breward, 2001). 

Measurement data can be derived from a range of sources (Table 8.1), that is published measurement standards, anthropometric surveys (2D measurements or 3D data sets), brand or label size preferences or individual measurements. Such data can be viewed as a quantitative element to the pattern construction process. Measurement is a necessary input in creating a block, pattern or approved template according to the preferred constmction method. 

When manually drawing or drafting a pattern, the primary substrate used as the basis for pattern construction is commonly brown or white wide width craft paper (80—120 g/m ). A light-weight transparent tracing paper or tissue paper is useful to transfer a shape to prove or validate the geometric correctness of a dart, check the... 

Kunick, P., 1967. Sizing, Pattern Construction and Grading for Women s and Children s Garments A Treatise and Standard Textbook for All Who Are Engaged in the Production and Distribution of Women s and Children s Garments. Philip Kunick, London. 

Fedorovich, N.E., De Wijn, J.R., Verbout, A.J., Alblas, J., Dhert, W.J., 2008. Three-dimensional fiber deposition of cell-laden, viable, patterned constructs for bone tissue printing. Tissue Eng. Part A 14, 127-133. 

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