Patchouli

The Prins reaction with formaldehyde, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, and camphene gives the useful alcohol, 8-acetoxymethyl camphene, which has a patchouli-like odor (83). Oxidation of the alcohol to the corresponding aldehyde also gives a useful iatermediate compound, which is used to synthesize the sandalwood compound dihydo- P-santalol. 

Patchouli alcohol. Patchouli oil comes from Pogostemonpatchouli and the main constituent is patchouli alcohol [5986-55-0] (105) or patchoulol. Another component of the essential oil is norpatchoulenol (106), a norsesquiterpene derivative as a minor (3—5%) constituent, important ia determining the overall odor of the essential oil (197). The price of patchouli oil ia 1995 was 20.90/kg from Indonesia (69). Alarge proportion of the oil (40—60%) is comprised of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons that do not have much odor value. World production of the oil was at about 750 t ia 1984. It is valuable ia perfumery bases because of its characteristic woody, herbaceous odor (198). 

Guaiol and Bulnesol. The main constituents of guaicwood oil are the sesquiterpene alcohols guaiol [489-86-1] (107) and bulnesol (108). When the alcohols are dehydrated with acid, many of the hydrocarbons formed are also found ia patchouli oil. 

In detergent perfumes, the stabiUty of vanillin is not always certain. It depends on the association made with other raw materials, eg, with patchouli, frankincense, cloves, most of the animal notes, and such chemicals as amyl saUcylate, methyl ionones, heflotropin, gamma undecalactone, linalool, methyl anthrarulate, benzyl acetate, phenyl ethyl alcohol, cedar wood derivatives, oak mosses, coumarin, benzoin. Pern balsam, and cistus derivatives. In some cases, these mixtures can cause discoloration effects. 

Patchouli oil is distilled from the dried leaves of several types of tbe patchouli plant, of which the principal it Poiiostemon patchouli. E. M, Holmea gives Ihe following inuiresiing information as toils holauical source and origin —... 

The true patchouli is known lu the Straits Settlements as Tilam U angi or Dhelum ujaruji " sweet patchouli "j. A wild paicboull, known as Tilam outan, ia aometimes added to the genuioe patehoull on distillation, but its botanical origin is uncertain. 

It is practicall)- eorlviin that some other leases from closely allied s cirs are from time to time to be found iu " Java patchouli leaves, ... 

Cadinene owes its name to its occuiTence in considerable quantity in oil of cade—which, of course, is not a true essential oil, but the product of destructive distillation. It is found in numerous essential oils, including those of patchouli, savin, galbanum, camphor, cedar wood. West Indian santal, juniper, and many others. Cadinene is best prepared as follows —... 

This sesquiterpene has not been found naturally. It is formed by the dehydration of the so-called patchouli camphor, a sesquiterpene alcohol, CjjHjgO, found in oil of patchouli. It has the following characters —... 

Von Soden and Eojahn have isolated two sesquiterpenes from patchouli oil, which have the following characters —... 

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