Electrokinetic flow

Rice CL, Whitehead R (1965) Electrokinetic flow in a narrow cylindrical capillary. J Phys Chem 69 4017... 

Asahi Chemical, 9 676-677 Electrohydrodynamic-based heat exchangers, 13 269-270 Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) convection, in microfluidic mixers, 26 967 Electrokinetic flow... 

Biddiss, E., Erickson, D., Li, D., Heterogeneous surface charge enhanced micromixing for electrokinetic flows. Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 3208-3213. 

Fiechtner, G.J., Cummings, E.B., Faceted design of channels for low-dispersion electrokinetic flows in microfluidic systems. Anal. Chem. 2003, 75, 4747-4755. 

ELECTROKINETIC FLOW BETWEEN TWO PARALLEL SOFT PLATES... 

In most electroosmotic flows in microchannels, the flow rates are very small (e.g., 0.1 pL/min.) and the size of the microchannels is very small (e.g., 10 100 jm), it is extremely difficult to measure directly the flow rate or velocity of the electroosmotic flow in microchannels. To study liquid flow in microchannels, various microflow visualization methods have evolved. Micro particle image velocimetry (microPIV) is a method that was adapted from well-developed PIV techniques for flows in macro-sized systems [18-22]. In the microPIV technique, the fluid motion is inferred from the motion of sub-micron tracer particles. To eliminate the effect of Brownian motion, temporal or spatial averaging must be employed. Particle affinities for other particles, channel walls, and free surfaces must also be considered. In electrokinetic flows, the electrophoretic motion of the tracer particles (relative to the bulk flow) is an additional consideration that must be taken. These are the disadvantages of the microPIV technique. 

Bhattacharyya, A., Masliy, J.H. and Yang, J. (2003) Oscillating laminar electrokinetic flow in infinitely extended circular microchannels, J. Colloid and Interface Science, V.261, pp. 12-20. 

C. L. Rice and R. Whitehead, Electrokinetic flow in a narrow cylindrical capUlary, J. Phys. Chem. 69 4017 (1965). 

S. Levine, J.R. Marrott, G. Neale and N. Epstein, Theory of electrokinetic flow in fine cylindrycal capillaries at high zeta-potentials. /. Colloid Interface Sci, 52 (1975) 136. 

In addition to conventional pressure driven flow, electrokinetic flow is also a commonly used means of transporting liquids in microfluidic devices. One type of electrokinetic flow, electroosmotic flow, relies on the presence of an electrical double layer at the solid-liquid interface. A negatively charged surface in a flow channel will attract cationic species from the fluid to form an electrical double layer at the surface. Application of an external voltage can pull those cationic species through the flow channel inducing bulk flow. The electroosmotic flow velocity can be described... 

F. Han, Y.Z. He, L. Li, G.-N. Fu, H.-Y. Xie, W.E. Gan, Determination of benzoic acid and sorbic acid in food products using electrokinetic flow analysis-ion pair solid phase extraction-capillary zone electrophoresis, Anal. Chim. Acta 618 (2008) 79. 

Figure 5. Electrokinetic flow focusing of particles through a crossing microchannel in a microfluidic chip.

Yang R, Wu C, Tseng T, Huang S, Lee G (2005) Enhancement of electrokinetically-driven flow mixing in microchannel with added side channels. Jpn J Appl Phys 1 44(10) 7634 Posner J, Santiago J (2006) Convective instability of electrokinetic flows in a cross-shaped microchannel. J Fluid Mech 555 1 2... 

Tang Z, Hong S, Djukic D, Modi V, West A, Yardley J, Osgood R (2002) Electrokinetic flow control for composition modulation in a microchannel. J Micromech Microeng 12 870... 

Yeung AT. (1994). Electrokinetic flow processes in porous media and their apphcations. In Advances in Porous Media, Vol. 2 (ed. MY Corapcioglu). Amsterdam, the Netherlands Elsevier, pp. 309-395. 

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