Parke’s process

To deprive commercial lead of the silver which it almost always contains, zinc is stirred up with the molten metal the zinc dissolves the silver and floats to the surface of the lead it is allowed to harden, and the cake is then removed. The silver and zinc are separated by distillation of the more volatile zinc the lead is freed from zinc by melting it in an oxidising atmosphere, when the more easily oxidisable zinc is first oxidised, and can be removed as dross. This is Parke s process for desilverising lead. 

The Pattinson s process is a rival of the Parke s process in desilverising crude lead. The lead is melted and allowed to solidify partially the solid portion consists of... 

The above principle is made use of in the desilverisation of lead by Parke s process. Silver is extracted from the ore argentiferous lead using molten zinc in which it is 300 times more soluble than in molten lead. Molten lead and molten zinc behave as the two immiscible solvents and the process is carried out at 1073 K. The upper zinc layer is richer in silver from which silver is removed by distilling off zinc. By repeating this extraction three or four times, almost whole of silver is removed from argentiferous lead. 

Desilverisation of lead by Parke s process is based on the principle that silver is more soluble in molten zinc than in molten lead. 

Propylene Oxide, Report 2b, private report from SRI International s Process Economics Program, Menlo Park, Calif., Feb., 1971. 

Park, S-U., Lee, Y-H. (1999b). Mapping of base cation deposition in South Korea. In Proceedings of 5th International Joint Seminar on Regional Deposition Processes in Atmosphere, Seoul, October 12-16, pp. 177-188. 

Park, S., Kim, D.S., Chang, J., and Kim, J. (2001) Continuous process and apparatus for preparing inorganic materials employing microwave. US Patent Application 20010054549. 

Bok, J.K., Grossmann, I.E., and Park, S. (2000) Supply chain optimization in continuous flexible processes. Industrial S. Engineering Chemistry Research, 39, 1279. 

Bok J-K, Lee H, Park S (1998) Robust investment model for long-range capacity expansion of chemical processing networks under uncertain demand forecast scenarios. Computers Chemcial Engineering 22 1037-1049... 

Park, S.-J., Kim, J. K., Park, )., Chung, S., Chung, C., Chang, ). K., Rapid three-dimensional passive rotation micromixer using the breakup process, J. Micromech. Microeng. 2004, 14, 6-14. 

Jung, K. Y. and Park, S. B. (2000). Enhanced photoactivity of silica-embedded titania particles prepared by sol-gel process for the decomposition of trichloroethylene. Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 

Refs. [i] http /lwww.seca.doe.gov [ii] http //www.spice.or.jp/ fisher/ sofc.html descript [iii] http //www.pg.siemens.com/en/fuelcells/sofc/ tubular/index.cfm [iv] Weissbart J, Ruka R (1962) J Electrochem Soc 109 723 [v] Park S, Vohs JM, Gorte RJ (2000) Nature 404 265 [vi] Liou J, Liou P, Sheu T (1999) Physical properties and crystal chemistry of bismuth oxide solid solution. In Processing and characterization of electrochemical materials and devices. Proc Symp Ceram Trans 109, Indianapolis, pp 3-10 [vii] Singhal SC (2000) MRS Bull 25 16 [viii] Matsuzaki Y, Yasuda I (2001) J Electrochem Soc 148 A126 [ix] Ralph JM, Kilner JA, Steele BCH (1999) Improving Gd-doped ceria electrolytes for low temperature solid oxide fuel cells. In New Materials for batteries and fuel cells. Proc Symp San Francisco, pp 309-314... 

M. Berg, T. Hargitai, J. Brandin and N. Berge i Termiska Processer AB, Studsvik, S-611 82 Nykoping, Sweden Katator AB, Ideon Research Park, S-223 70 Lund, Sweden... 

Leiby, S.M. Options for refinery hydrogen. Menlo Park, CA Process Economics Program, SRI International. PEP Report No. 212, February 1994. 

Song, J., Park, H., Lee, D. Y., Park, S. (2002). Scheduling of actual size refinery processes considering environmental impacts with multi-objective optimization, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 41, pp. 4794-4806. 

Ko, S.H., Hong, G.P, Park, S.H., Choi, M.J., and Min, S.G. 2006. Studies on physical properties of pork frozen by various high-pressure freezing process. Korean Journal of Food Science and Animal Research 26 464-470. 

Park, S. H., H. S. Ryn, G. P. Hong, and S. G. Min. 2006. Physical properties of frozen pork thawed by high pressnre assisted thawing process. Food Science and Technology International 12 347-352. 

Claudio, E., Brown, K., Park, S., Wang, H., and Siebenlist, U., BAFF-inducedNEMO-independent processing of NF-kappa B2 in maturing B cells, Nat Immunol, 3, 958-965, 2002. 

Tsujimura, Y, Park, S., Chang, S., and Gen, M. (1993), An Effective Method for Solving Flow Shop Scheduling Problems with Fuzzy Processing Times, Computers and Industrial Engineering, Vol. 25, pp. 239-242. 

Kim M R, Choi Y I, Park S W, Lee J W, Lee J K. 2006b. Syntheses and optical properties of hybrid materials containing azobenzene groups via sol gel process for reversible optical storage. J Appl Pol) Sci 100 4811 4818. 

Kim, H.-C., Park, S.-M., Hinsberg, W.D., 2009. Block copolymer based nanostructures materials, processes, and applications to electronics. Chem. Rev. 110,146-177. 

Gheng, S., E. Phillips, and L. Parks. 2010. Processability improvement of polyolefins through radiation-induced branching. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 79 329-334. 

Ray, S. Okamoto, M. (2003) Polymer/Layered Silicate Nanocomposites A review from Preparation to Processing. Prog. Polym. Sci Vol.28, No.ll, pp.1539-1641 Saito, T. Matsushige, K. Tanaka, K (2002) Chemical Treatment and Modification of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. Physica B. Vol.323, No.1-4, pp.280-283 Seo, M. Park, S. (2004) A kinetic study on the termal degradation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes-reinforced poly(p>ropylene) composites. Macromol. Mater. Eng. Vol.289, No.4, pp.368-374... 

OSJin Jin, F. L., Park, S. J. Interfacial toughness properties of trifunctional epoxy resins/calcium carbonate nanocomposites. Mater. Sci. Eng. A - Struct. Mater. Propert. Microstruct. Process. 475 (2008) 190-193. 

Bozell JJ, Black SK, Myers M, Cahill D, Miller WP, Park S (2011) Solvent fractionation of renewable woody feedstocks organosolv generation of biorefinery process streams for the production of biobased chemicals. Biomass Bioenergy 35 4197... 

Park, S., Jayaraman, S., 2003. Smart textiles a platform for sensing and personalized mobile information-processing. J. Text. Inst. 94 (3 ), 87-98. Available at http //www. tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00405000308630631 (accessed 26.05.14). 

---