Paints, pigmented

Dispersed Systems. Many fluids of commercial and biological importance are dispersed systems, such as soflds suspended in Hquids (dispersions) and Hquid-Hquid suspensions (emulsions). Examples of the former include inks, paints, pigment slurries, and concrete examples of the latter include mayonnaise, butter, margarine, oil-and-vinegar salad dressing, and milk. Blood seems to fall in between as it is a suspension of deformable but not hquid particles, and it does not behave like either a dispersion or an emulsion (69) it thus has an interesting rheology (70). 

The choice of parameter used in the determination of size distribution should include consideration of the information needed in the interpretation of the data. For example, in the case of a manufacturer of paint pigment, the size parameter that best describes the hiding power (performance of the pigment) is the projected area of particles. A powdered catalyst manufacturer is primarily concerned with surface-area equivalence. 

Paint pigments do not change colors on appHcation. Other common colors are violet from cobalt(II) phosphate [18475-47-3] pink from cobalt and magnesium oxides, aureolin yellow from potassiuim cobalt(III) nitrite [13782-01-9], KCo(N02)4, and cerulean blue from cobalt staimate [6546-12-5]. Large quantities of cobalt are used at levels of a few ppm to decolori2e or whiten glass and ceramics. Iron oxide or titanium dioxide often impart a yellow tint to various domestic ware. The cobalt blue tends to neutrali2e the effect of the yellow. 

Some anthraquinone dyes are employed as organic pigments (see Pigments, organic). Examples appear in Figure 1. Indanthrone blue (6) is an important automotive paint pigment as is Cl Pigment Red 177 (7), a bisanthraquinonyl. 

Capillary Flow Moisture which is held in the interstices of solids, as liquid on the surface, or as free moisture in cell cavities, moves by gravity and capiUarity, provided that passageways for continuous flow are present. In diying, liquid flow resulting from capiUarity appUes to liquids not held in solution and to aU moisture above the fiber-saturation point, as in textiles, paper, and leather, and to all moisture above the equiUbrium moisture content at atmospheric saturations, as in fine powders and granular solids, such as paint pigments, minerals, clays, soU, and sand. 

Siilfuric acid from iron pyrites Paint pigments roasting of metallic oxides Refractory clays calcination of refractory clay to reduce shrinkage Foundry sand removal of carbon from used foundry sand Fullers earth calcination of fuller s-earth material... 

To grind 3.2 Mg/h (3V2 tons/h) of a raw clay, power consumption will be about 75 kW (100 hp), and it takes about 31 m (1100 ff) of natural gas 3.7 MJ/m (1000 Btu/fF) to dry the clay from 10 percent moisture down to about 1 percent. The product is used in paint pigments and rubber fillers. 

Sulfuric acid is primarily used to make fertilizers. It is also used in other major industries such as detergents, paints, pigments, and pharmaceuticals. 

Some elements come in and out of fashion, so to speak. Sixty years ago, elemental silicon was a chemical curiosity. Today, ultrapure silicon has become the basis for the multibillion-dollar semiconductor industry. Lead, on the other hand, is an element moving in the other direction. A generation ago it was widely used to make paint pigments, plumbing connections, and gasoline additives. Today, because of the toxicity of lead compounds, all of these applications have been banned in the United States. 

Sieve Frames Frames for all sieves of the fine series are of the standard 8-inch size, except that frames 3 inches in diameter may be used in case of sieves No. 100 and finer, used primarily in the testing of paint pigments. The standard frames are circular, 8 inches (20.32 cm) in diameter. 

Pb3 (0H)2 (C03)2, is an enduring white substance that was used for many years as a paint pigment and even as a component of cosmetics. 

Rutile (Ti02 ore) TiClq Paint pigment (pure T1O2)... 

Used industrially as an insecticide, fungicide, wood preservative, as paint pigment, and veterinary medication. 

Organic materials, such as polymers, paints, pigments and dyes, are used in everything from car parts to fine art. Polymers exposed to UV light can lose mechanical strength and integrity, while UV light causes... 

Fig.51 Effect of the hardening system in an epoxide resin powder coating on the coloristic properties of the paint. Pigment Dibromoanthanthrone (Pigment Red 168). Cross-linking conditions 15 minutes at 180°C, respectively.

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