P-Nitrodiphenyl

Aromatic and aliphatic amino ethers have been synthesized by this method. An example of the formation of a cyano ether is the preparation of p-cyano benzyl methyl ether from the substituted benzyl bromide and sodium methoxide (84%). Also, certain aryloxyacetonitriles, AtOCHjCN, are made by the condensation of chloroacetonitrile with sodium phenoxides in a solution of methyl ethyl ketone containing a small amount of sodium iodide (70-80%). Aromatic nitro ethers, like o- and p-nitrodiphenyl ether, have been prepared by the Ullmann procedure (84%). The synthesis of alkyl p-nitrophenyl ethers has also been accomplished with good yields (55-92%). ... 

Sodium y-nitrobenzene-Modiazo-oxide (1000 grams) in 10,000 c.c. of water is treated with a solution of 1860 grams of di-p-nitrodiphenyl-arsenious acid (p. 181) in 40,000 c.c. of water and the equivalent of sodium hydroxide, the mixture being slowly heated up to 75° or 80° C. until the evolution of nitrogen ceases. The product is then filtered and the filtrate acidified with hydroehloric acid, when a brown precipitate... 

Nitrodiphenyl, 1177 2 -Nitrodiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid, 323 4 -Nitrodiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid, 323 p-Nitrodiphenyl ether, 157-158... 

Copper powder is used as catalyst in the reaction of sodium with aniline to form the sodium derivative, CgHiNKNa. An active copper powder is preferred as catalyst for the synthesis of p-nitrodiphenyl ether" and o-methoxydiphenyl ether. The active catalyst is prepared by reducing copper siilfale in aqueous solution with zinc dust and leaching the precipitate with S% hydrochloric acid to remove excess... 

SYNONYMS p-nitrobiphenyl, 4-nitrobiphenyl, p-nitrodiphenyl, p-phenyl-nitrobenzene, 4-phenyl-nitrobenzene, pnb. 

Diphenylethers. Different agents can induce peroxidations in photosynthetic membranes. The strongest peroxidative herbicides known are the p-nitrodiphenyl ethers. Although compounds from this group of herbicides can act multifunctionally as electron-transport inhibitors U, 2 ) and energy-transfer inhibitors (1 0), some of them, like oxyfluorfen, exert their dominant phytotoxic action by damaging membrane components. 

Synonyms/Trade Names p-Nitrobiphenyl, p-Nitrodiphenyl, 4-Nitrodiphenyl, p-PhenyInitrobenzene, 4-Phenylnitrobenzene, PNB... 

As this group contains also several acids, phenols and esters, it is to be expected that AMR is not a good descriptor of the compounds lipophilicity and/or steric bulk of the real functional groups, which may be different from groups Z . For example, the diphenylphosphate (Z = OPO(OH)-OCgH5) has the highest AMR (39.73) within the subset, but a much lower log P (1.3) than the p-nitrodiphenyl ether (Z = O-CgH -NOj) with a log P of 3.97. 

The p-nitrodiphenyl ethers (NDPEs) are a group of broad-spectrum herbicides, introduced in 1962, whose mechanism of action has been the... 

Yadav, G. D. Motirale, B. G. (2008). Ionic liquid as catalyst for solid-liquid phase transfer catalyzed synthesis of p-nitrodiphenyl ether. Industrial Engineering Chemistry... 

Diphenyl. Reflux a mixture of 1 g, of diphenyl, 2 ml. of glacial acetic acid and 0 -5 ml. of fuming nitric acid for 10 minutes. Pour into 20 ml. of cold water, filter oflF the precipitate, wash it with cold water imtil free from acid, and recrystallise from alcohol. The product is 4-nitrodiphenyl, m.p. 114°,... 

Nitrodiphenyl ether has been prepared by heating p-nitro-chlorobenzene with potassium phenoxide and phenoD and by the nitration of diphenyl ether. ... 

Nitrodiphenyl ether, 14, 67 2-Nitrodiphenyl ether, 14, 67 p-NlTRODIPHENYL ETHER, 14, 66... 

Historically, bladder tumors have been associated with exposures in the aniline dye industry. However, conclusive evidence for any one particular exposure could not be obtained in these studies since the workers were exposed to many chemicals within the same work area. For example, Case et al. (1954) investigated the incidence of bladder tumors among British workers in the chemical dye industry. In addition to aniline, the workers were exposed to other aromatic amines, including a- and P-naphthylamine, benzidine, and auramine. Although exposures could not be quantified, there was insufficient evidence to suggest that aniline was a cause of bladder cancers. More recent studies indicate that P-naphthylamine, 4-aminodiphenyl, 4-nitrodiphenyl, 4,4-diaminodiphenyl, or o-toluidine may be involved in increased cancers in the dye industry (Ward et al. 1991 Benya and Cornish 1994). 

According to Clark [81] this compound is obtained by the nitration of tetra-nitrodiphenyl-/ -hydroxyaminoethane (II) which is formed as a by-product when preparing dinitrotriphenyl-/ -hydroxyaminoe thane from chlorodinitrobenzene and ethanolamine (see above, p. 71). 

SYNS 4-NITRODIPHENYL p-PHENYL-NITRO-BENZENE 4-PHENYL-NITROBENZENE PNB... 

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