Oxygen anaerobes

This reaction can also be carried out in the absence of air or oxygen, . ., anaerobically. 

Anaerobic. Moisture is added to the waste mass in the form of recirculated leachate and from other sources to obtain optimal moisture levels. Biodegradation occurs in the absence of oxygen (anaerobically) and produces landfill gas. Landfill gas, primarily methane, can be captured to minimize greenhouse gas emissions and for energy projects. 

Definition of aerobic and anaerobic glycoly sis Aerobic glycolysis, in which pyruvate is the end-product, occurs in cells with mitochondria and an adequate supply of oxygen. Anaerobic glycolysis, in which lactic acid is the end product, occurs in cells that lack mitochondria or in cells deprived of sufficient oxygen. 

All photosynthetic organisms, except bacteria, use water as the electron or hydrogen donor to reduce various election acceptors, and from the water they evolve molecular oxygen. Anaerobic bacteria cannot endure such oxygen, but derive their sustenance through slightly different photosynthetic routes ... 

Respiration, in which organic compounds undergo catabolism that requires molecular oxygen (aerobic respiration) or that occurs in the absence of molecular oxygen (anaerobic respiration). Aerobic respiration uses the Krebs cycle to obtain energy from the following reaction ... 

When dissolved oxygen is depleted, the aerobic organisms cannot survive and non-oxygen (anaerobic) organisms thrive, giving water different... 

The ionic nitrogen oxides as terminal electron acceptors in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic respiration) and the gaseous nitrogen species are major products of these reductive processes. 

Methanation. The formation of methane and CO2 from biomass is a classical example of chemical disproportionation of the zero-valence carbon in biomass. The reaction is mildly exothermic and is the natural decomposition reaction of wet biomass in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic digestion of biomass). The reaction also proceeds at elevated temperatures (up to 400 °C) in supercritical water as a reaction medium [29]. Alternatively the reaction can be carried out in a two-stage process ofgasification ofbiomass to synthesis gas, followed by catalytic methanation at T < 400°C (BioUaz). 

All BU do not need oxygen. Anaerobic metabolism can proceed in the absence of oxygen to form intermediate products that can supply some of the energy needs of the BU. Some bacteria, including some of the most primitive life forms, cannot survive in the presence of oxygen, and are called anaerobic organisms. Those that can survive and function in either aerobic or anaerobic conditions are XenasA facultative (which actually means adaptable ). Those BU, such as yeasts, that are facultative but normally aerobic are called facultative anaerobes. 

Pyrolysis of biomass is a typical gas-solid reaction in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic process) and with very low contact time of vapor. The solid material contained in... 

As a facultative anaerobe, yeast, unlike other organisms to be discussed here, can thrive in the absence of oxygen. Anaerobic cells require two essential membrane constituents, ergosterol and oleic acid, which cannot be synthesized by eukaryotes in the absence of oxygen [87-90]. It is uniquely possible in yeast to follow the simultaneous development of the aerobic respiratory cytochromes and the membranes with which they are normally associated, on exposure to oxygen. 

Because they are metal catalysed and polymerise spontaneously in the absence of oxygen, anaerobic materials are ideally suited to the sealing of porosities. Unlike traditional sealing media, there are no volumetric changes associated with solvent loss, nor is heating needed to harden the adhesive. Low viscosity, high-strength products should be used. 

The paper deals with the response of a high strength, single eomponent adhesive that cures in absence of oxygen (anaerobic). Its commercial name is LOCT1TE648 , a specifically developed product for cylindrical joints with or without interference. The typical product performances are reported in [16]. 

As another example, the end product of glycolysis is pyruvate and the reduced coenzyme NADH. In the absence of an adequate supply of oxygen (anaerobic metabolism) to reoxidize NADH to NAD" and thereby allow glycolysis to continue, cells use the reduction of pyruvate to lactate as a way to regenerate NAD" ... 

These adhesives are quickly set by a UV cure and are more fully cured by a second mechanism involving the introduction of heat or moisture or the elimination of oxygen (anaerobics). In EB-curable adhesive, the depth of EB penetration is limited by the density of the material, rather than its opacity. 

---