Oxide, sol

Matijevi i E 1976 Preparation and oharaoterization of monodispersed metal hydrous oxide sols Prog. Colloid Polym. Sol. 61 24-35... 

Bar, M. Muffler, H.-J. Fischer, Ch.-H. Lux-Steiner, M. C. 2001. ILGAR technology IV ILGAR thin film technology extended to metal oxides. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 67 113-120. 

Tin Sol A process for making a stannic oxide sol by electrodyalysis. Invented in 1973 by H. R Wilson of the Vulcan Materials Company, Birmingham, AL. 

Matijevic, E. Scheiner, P. (1978) Ferric hydrous oxides sols. III. Preparation of uniform particles by hydrolysis of Fe(III)-chIoride, -nitrate, and -perchlorate solutions. J. Colloid Interface Sd. 63 509—524 Matijevic, E. (1980) Colloid chemical aspects of corrosion of metals. Pure Applied Chem. 52 1129-1193... 

Fig. 4. Acid strength distribution for the clays pillared with oxide sols heated at 500°C O, TiOo F3, Si02 TiO A. Si02-Feo03 pillared clays.

Fig. 1.1.9 Particle size distribution curves obtained by light scattering for two different aluminum hydrous oxide sols prepared by aging at 98°C for 30 h solutions containing 5 X I0-4 and I X 10" mol dm--1 Al2(S04)j, respectively (solid lines). Dashed lines show the corresponding size distributions of the same sols after all sulfate ions in the particles had been exchanged for hydroxyl groups.

Fig. 1.1.10 Tile electrophoretic mobilities of aluminum hydrous oxide sols prepared by aging at 98°C for 24 h a 1 X 10-3 mol dm-3 solution of Al2(S04)t and treated as follows A, original sol at room temperature , sol freed of the original electrolyte by centrifugation and redispersed in dilute NaOH solutions O, pH of the sol adjusted to 9.7 by NaOH, followed by deionization, and redispersion at various pH values.

Preparation of Manganese(IV) Oxide Sol. Add a 2% hydrogen peroxide solution to 5 ml of a potassium permanganate solution containing 14 g of salt per litre of solution until the violet colour disappears. Write the equation of the reaction. To determine the end of the reaction, proceed as follows add a few drops of a saturated sodium chloride solution to a small sample and heat it. If a violet colour is noticeable, add more hydrogen peroxide solution to the main solution. 

Manufactured abrasives include silicon carbide, fused aluminum oxide, sintered aluminum oxide, sol-gel sintered aluminum oxide, fused zirco-nia-alumina, synthetic diamond, cubic boron nitride, boron carbide, slags, steel shot, and grit. 

Coated abrasives consist of a flexible backing on which films of adhesive hold a coating of abrasive grains. The backing may be paper, cloth, open-mesh cloth, vulcanized fiber (a specially treated cotton rag base paper), or any combination of these materials. The abrasives most generally used are fused aluminum oxide, sol-gel alumina, alnmina-zirconia. silicon carbide, garnet, emeiy, and flint. 

Aluminum oxide sols are successfully used for application of films [1794, 1793], such as high area films for hybrid circuits [1236]. The same technique was used for the preparation of J-A1203 (NaAlnO,7) in this case alcoholic solutions of NaOR were added to aluminum alkoxide solutions [1795, 1038]. To increase the stability of sols, aluminum alkoxides are frequently modified with acetic acid [1570] or (3-diketones [1659]. Alumina sheets are commercially produced by the sintering of high-purity fine A1203 powders prepared by hydrolysis of modified Al(OPr )3 [1236]. To prepare powders with spherical species from dilute solutions, hydroxopropylcellulose was added to prevent... 

Hydrous iron(III) oxide sol. Add, with stirring, 2 cm3 of 30% FeCl3(aq) to 500 cm3 of boiling distilled water. A clear reddish-brown dispersion is formed. 

In a similar way, hydrogen and hydroxyl ions are potentialdetermining for hydrous metal oxide sols ... 

MATIJEVIC, E., Preparation and characterisation of monodispersed metal hydrous oxide sols , Progr. Colloid Polymer Sci., 61, 24-35 (1976) Monodispersed Metal (Hydrous) Oxides , Acc. Chem. Res., 14, 22-29 (1981)... 

For Saffil alumina fiber, aluminum oxychloride [Al2(OH)jCI] is mixed with a medium molecular weight polymer such as 2wt% polyvinyl alcohol. The aqueous phase contains an oxide sol and an organic polymer. The sol is extruded as filaments into a coagulating (or precipitating) bath in which the extruded shape gels. The gelled fiber is then dried and calcined to produce the final oxide fiber. This solution is slowly evaporated in a rotary evaporator imtil a viscosity... 

E. Ferric hydrous oxide sols. 2. Thermodynamics of aqueous hydroxo and sulfato ferric complexes. J. Phys. Chem. 81, 1061-1068 (1977). 

Sol Preparation. The synthesis of oxide sols via the sol-gel process involves the controlled hydrolysis of metal alkoxides and/or metal salts. However, the properties of the resulting sol, including the size of the sol particles, are determined by the interactions of several variables which must be carefully controlled. Such factors as the solvents used, the ratios of alkoxide or salt to water and/or alcohol, the amount of added acid or base, the reaction temperature, the stirring speed, and the rate at which reactants are added to the... 

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