Overdosage

Untoward effects of both E and NE (usually to a lesser degree) are anxiety, headache, cerebral hemorrhage (from vasopressor effects), cardiac arrhythmias, especially in presence of digitaUs and certain anesthetic agents, and pulmonary edema as a result of pulmonary hypertension. The minimum subcutaneous lethal dose of E is about 4 mg, but recoveries have occurred after accidental overdosage with 16 mg subcutaneously and 30 mg intravenously, followed by immediate supportive treatment. 

Charcoal, which is used as a detoxicant in overdosage, etc., is able to adsorb diugs, thereby causing a reduction in diug absorption. Absoiption of new quinolone antibiotics is reduced by forming an insoluble chelate with secondary or teitiaiy cations, such as Mg2+ or Al3+,... 

The Dettli rule might result in underdosage because of too infrequent peak levels the Kunin rule might result in overdosage because of toxic trough levels. The third, the target concentration approach was proposed by Nikolas Holford. 

Using Fhtient-Co ntro lied Analgesia. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) allows patients to administer their own analgesic by means of an IV pump system (Fig. 19-1). The dose and die time interval permitted between doses is programmed into die device to prevent accidental overdosage. 

This drug is used for complete or partial reversal of narcotic depression, including respiratory depression. Narcotic depression may be due to intentional or accidental overdose (self-administration by an individual), accidental overdose by medical personnel, and drug idiosyncrasy Naloxone also may be used for diagnosis of a suspected acute opioid overdosage. 

Before the administration of naloxone, the nurse obtains the blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory rate and reviews the record for the drug suspected of causing the overdosage. If there is sufficient time, the nurse also should review the initial health history, allergy history, and current treatment modalities. 

The nurse must report symptoms of succinimide overdosage immediately. Symptoms of overdosage in dude confuson, sleepiness, unsteadiness flaccid muscles slow shallow respirations nausea, vomiting, hypotension, absent reflexes nd CNS depression leading to coma. It is important to report symptoms to the primary health care provider immediately. Therapeutic serum blood levels of ethosuximide (Zarontin) range from 40 to 100 mcg/mL... 

Patients older than 60 years are at greater risk for experiencing adverse reactions to the decongestants. Overdosage may cause hallucinations convulsion, and central nervous system depresaon. 

When acetylcysteine is administered for acetaminophen overdosage, the drug is given as soon as the overdosage is discovered. Treatment should begin as soon as possible after overdose and within 24 hours of ingestion. 

Which of these dm would be prescribed for a patient with an acetaminophen overdosage ... 

Local or systemic hypersensitivity reactions may occur in some patients receiving vasopressin. Tremor, sweating, vertigo, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and water intoxication (overdosage, toxicity) may also be seen. 

OH-D3 may prove to be helpful in anticipating overdosage. However, systematic studies which correlate vitamin D dosage, 25-OH-D3 serum concentrations, and serum calcium in patients such as these, have not yet been reported. 

Domino, E.F., and Wilson, A.E. Effects of urine acidification on plasma and urine phencyclidine levels in overdosage. Clin Pharmacol Ther 22(41 421-424, 1977. 

Uni 1ke other drugs of abuse, the diagnosis of PCP intoxication is often difficult because of the wide spectrum of clinical findings that occurs with this drug. PCP toxicity sometimes can be mistaken for delirium tremens, acute psychiatric illness, sedative/ hypnotic overdosage, amphetamine intoxication, or sedative/ hypnotic withdrawal syndromes. 

Because of the severe toxicities associated with many of the chemotherapy agents, safety precautions must be in place to prevent chemotherapy errors, accidental chemotherapy exposures, and overdosages. 

An exploratory spectrophotometric examination of subsurface extractants obtained from fully ripe Rome Beauty apples, previously sprayed with a deliberate overdosage of a parathion wettable powder, revealed a shift in the absorption maximum of the dyed product to the right of that found for the dyed technical parathion. 

Renal failure (acute or chronic) Methanol ingestion Ethylene glycol ingestion Salicylate overdosage Starvation... 

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