Outokumpu nickel

T. Makinen and P. Taskinen, State of the art in nickel smelting direct Outokumpu nickel technology, Mineral Processing Extractive Metallurgy Transactions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy Section C 117 (2) (2008), 86-94. 

The Direct Outokumpu Nickel (DON) process makes converting unnecessary, which is an important improvement environmentally. Now there is only one low, constant and highly concentrated flow of SO -rich gas from the flash smelting furnace, instead of the greatly fluctuating flow of converter gas of the conventional process. 

Figure 5.8 Outokumpu process for nickel cathode production.

Outokumpu [Named after a hill in Finland, near Kuusjarvi] A flash-smelting process for sulfide ores, ft is an energy-efficient process (also called an autogenous process), using mainly the heat of combustion of the contained sulfur to sulfur dioxide, rather than ary external source of heat. Developed R Bryk and J. Ryselin at the Haijavalta works of Outokumpu Oy, Finland, in 1946. Used mainly for copper ores, but also for nickel, iron, and lead by 1988, 40 plants were using the process worldwide. 

K. Knuutila, S.-E. Hultholm, B. Saxen etal., New nickel process increasing production at Outokumpu Harjavalta Metals oy, Finland. ALTA 1997 Nickel/Cobalt Pressure Leaching... 

T. Makinen, K. Fagerlund, Y. Anjala, and L. Rosenback, Outokumpu s technologies for efficient and environmentally sound nickel production, COM 2005 Nickel and Cobalt, August 21-24, 2005, Galgary, Alberta, Canada... 

The Outokumpu flash smelting process for lead is an extension of the successful flash smelting technology developed by Outokumpn for copper and nickel and applied to lead concentrates. It was developed and piloted at a 5 t/h treatment rate in the late 1980s bnt has not been commercially applied. 

A typical example of the trend in emission level development at Outokumpu Har-javalta copper -i- nickel smelter in Finland is presented in Figure 7.6. As can been... 

The nickel smelting industry has drawn public attention to emissions of sulfur dioxide, which are detrimental to the environment. The Finnish company Outokumpu has developed a nickel flash smelting process, totally without converters. There were several economic motives for this, but the main reasons were to reduce sulfur emissions and to improve the working conditions. 

The Outokumpu flash smelting technology is well-known and has been widely applied in the processing of copper and nickel sulphide concentrates since the 1970s. There are now over 30 plants using this technology on a cotiunercial scale in the copper and nickel industries. Initial pilot tests with... 

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