Other Long-chain Compounds

Similar results were obtained on other long-chain compounds. Below a certain temperature there is no spreading. Above this temperature the pressure Fe increases linearly with the temperature until the solid melts. 

Shearer, G. An X-ray investigation of certain organic esters and other long-chain compounds. J. Chem. Soc. 123, 3152-3156 (1923). 

Other long-chain compounds of algal origin are more obviously... 

Other Long-chain Compounds.— The absolute configuration of phthiocerol A (1 la), phthiotriol A (1 lb), and phthiodolone A (1 Ic) has been established... 

Release agents function by either lessening intermolecular interactions between the two surfaces in contact or preventing such close contact. Thus, they can be low surface-tension materials based on aUphatic hydrocarbon, fluorocarbon groups, or particulate soHds. The principal categories of material used are waxes, fatty acid metal soaps, other long-chain alkyl derivatives, polymers, and fluorinated compounds. 

Because of the atoms freedom to rotate about single bonds, a chain of carbon atoms can achieve various positions in space. On one extreme is the zig-zag extended chain and on the other is a coil. Such spatial structures become particularly important in determining properties of very long chained compounds known as polymers (Chapter 5). 

Knob (southern Canterbury Administrative Region see Fig. 2.11) and cycloartenol methyl ether [58] was found in plants from Clarke River, whereas four other collections failed to yield any TMEs. Similarly, populations of C. rigida (Raoul) Zotov from eastern South Island do not synthesize TMEs, whereas those from western South Island were shown to accumulate p-amyrin methyl ether [59]. An additional difference between populations from these two sites lies in the capacity of the former to produce short-chain wax components, as opposed to long-chain compounds from the latter (Cowlishaw et al., 1983). Different chemodemes were also described for C. cheesemanii (Hackel ex Cheesem.) Zotov plants from North Island exhibited lupeol methyl ether as the dominant compound along with lesser amounts of arun-doin and two unidentified compounds, whereas populations from the South Island had arundoin as the major compound with lesser amounts of lupeol methyl ether. 

FAAH was originally purified and cloned from rat liver microsomes and is able to catalyse the hydrolysis of anandamide and 2-AG, in addition to other long-chain fatty acid amides [25]. Studies into the structure and role of this enzyme have generated interest in the potential therapeutic applications of FAAH inhibitors [26-28]. FAAH knock-out mouse brains contained 15-fold higher levels of anandamide than their wild-type counterparts and these animals have also been shown to be more responsive to exogenously administered anandamide [29]. These animals also showed a reduced response to painful stimuli, supporting the hypothesis that FAAH inhibition may provide novel analgesics. Levels of 2-AG were not elevated in the FAAH knock-out animals, apparently due to the existence of alternative metabolic fates for this compound [30]. 

Noteworthy is that no recourse is made to adjustable parameters. Semiyen (1976) in his review lists a sizeable number of systems where a fair to good agreement is found between observed and calculated values of Kx for sufficiently long-chain compounds. On the other hand, experimental ATx-values for the shorter chains deviate significantly from the calculated ones, the deviations being negative for chains of intermediate size and positive for the shortest ones. 

This enzyme [EC 2.3.1.20], also known as diglyceride acyltransferase, catalyzes the reaction of an acyl-CoA with 1,2-diacylglycerol to produce coenzyme A and a triacylglycerol. The acyl-CoA derivative can be palmi-toyl-CoA or other long-chain acyl-CoA compounds. 

The ability to dissolve permanganate in nonaqueous solvents by use of phase transfer agents (as previously discussed in Section 3.8.2.3.3) extends its use for oxidative cleavages to compounds that are not soluble in aqueous solutions. It has bMn reported, for example, that 1-eicosene and other long-chain alkenes can be converted into the corresponding carboxylic acids in good yields by use of the following procedure. ... 

Sphinoglipids are phospholipids and glycolipids derived from sphingosine and other "long-chain bases.At least 60 bases of this type have been identified.They vary in chain length from C 4 to C26 and include members of the iso and anteiso series. Up to two double bonds may be present. The C g compound, usually called sphingosine, is derived from condensation of palmitoyl-CoA with serine. ... 

Monomer ma-n9-m9r [ISV] (1914) n. A relatively simple compound that can react with itself or other compounds to form long-chain compounds by either. (1) Utilizing its C=C bonds for addition. (2) By having two or more functional groups that can react with receptive groups in other molecules. Monomers are the basic budding blocks of polymers. Monomer is sometimes referred to as mer. Odian GC (2004) Principles of polymerization. John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York. 

It should be noted that the ring opening cometathesis strategy is suitable for the synthesis of Z-isomeric insect sex pheromone components and other long chain or macrocyclic natural compounds. 

---