Oswald

Ostwald s reluctance to accept the chemical atom as an entity would surely have yielded to the overwhelming evidence provided by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Although Ostwald did not hve to see it, this technique provides such clear evidence of the reality of simple atoms that even he would have been convinced, see also Avogadro, Amedeo Berthol-let, Claude-Louis Berzehus, JonsJaKob Boyle, Robert Cannizzaro, Stanislao Dalton, John Einstein, Albert Gay-Lussac, Joseph-Louis Lavoisier, Antoine Ostwald, Eriedrich Wilhelm Svedberg, Theodor Molecules. 

Hartley, Harold (1971). Studies in the History of Chemistry. Oxford, U.K. Clarendon Press. 

Aaron J. (1964). The Development of Modem Chemistry. New York Harper and Row. 

Lavoisier, Antoine Fourier, Jean-Baptiste Joseph and Faraday, Michael (1952). Great Books of the Western World, Vol. 45, tr. Robert Kerr and Alexander Freeman. Chicago Encyclopedia Britannica. 

By the early 1940s, scientists knew that chromosomes existed and that they were composed of smaller units called genes. Chemical analysis had revealed that the eucaryotic chromosome consists of about 50 percent protein and 50 percent deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). There was no particular interest in DNA for several previous decades because no role had been assigned to it. This changed when a Canadian-bom American named Oswald Avery showed that DNA is responsible for the transmission of heritable characteristics. 

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K. L. Waddell, D. D. Oswald, and Douglas S. PoweU, Porest Statistics of the United States, 1987, Resource Bulletin PNW-RB-168, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Porest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Pordand, Oreg., 1989, 106 pp. 

MI Sutcliffe, CM Dobson, RE Oswald. Solution structure of neuronal bungarotoxm determined by two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy Calculation of tertiary structure using systematic homologous model building, dynamical simulated annealing, and restrained molecular dynamics. Biochemistry 31 2962-2970, 1992. 

Prof. Dr. Oswald Benka Institut fLir Experimentalphysik Johannes Kepler Universitat 4040 Linz Austria... 

Kemmish, D.J. High performance engineering plastics, RAPRA Review Reports, 8, 2 (1995) Oswald, T.A. and Menges, G. Materials Science of Polymers for Engineers, Hanser, Munich (1995)... 

M. Allain, P. Oswald, J. M. di Meglio. Structural defects and phase transition in a lyotropic system optical birefringence and order parameter measurements. Mol Cry St Liq Cryst 7625 161-169, 1988. 

R. Holyst, P. Oswald. Confinement induced topological fluctuations in a system with internal surfaces. Phys Rev Lett 79 1499-1502, 1997. 

L. Sallen, P. Sotta, P. Oswald. Pretransitional effects near the hexagonal-micellar phase transition of the CnEOA/HoO lyotropic mixture. J Phys Chem 707 4875-4881, 1997. 

White, R. E. and Oswald, C. J. 1992. Mitigation of Explosion Hazards of Marine Vapor Control Systems. Southwest Research Institute, Final Report, SWRl Project No. 06-4116 for the American Petroleum Institute, Washington, DC (October 1992). 

Detonation flame arresters and associated piping mnst be able to withstand the effects of explosion transients that inclnde the pressnre or pres-snre-related force, the specific impulse (integral of the dme versus overpressure) or net impulse (upstream minns downstream impulse) highspeed gas momentnm transfer and flnx, and temperatnre-, heat-, and dier-mal-flnx related loads (White and Oswald 1992). Wliite and Oswald con-... 

White and Oswald present two compnter programs in the report, which can be nsed to obtain estimates of the stmctnral response and the thermal response of a detonation flame arrester. However, they point ont that neither of the programs will reveal completely what is needed to design a snccesshil flame arrester snpport. The anthors also evalnated the USCG test procednre and present recommendations on how this test pro-cednre shonld be modified to improve it. 

Oswald, A. J. Generic Data Base and Models Chapter of the National Reliability Evaluation Program (NREP) Guide. EG G Idaho, Inc., EGG-EA-5887, June 1982. 

Organic compounds, 322 Osmium, oxidation numbers, 414 Oswald, W., 65... 

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