Osteoporosis older people

A risk factor for fracture following a fall in older people is osteoporosis. Is there any best practice advice If so what is the source and provide a brief summary of that advice. 

There are too many stories in our time about an aunt or grandparent who has fallen, broken a hip, and died seven or eight months later. Osteoporosis is nearly always the reason why hipbones are broken when older people fall. (Older men get osteoporosis, but not as frequently as women.) Let s put an end to it starting with our generation. Let s put an end to this epidemic of osteoporosis in our time and wipe out calcium deficiency in our families ... 

The standards issue becomes most problematic with patients who have multiple problems. It may be sensible to delay the treatment of pneumonia, for instance, while more urgent investigations and treatments are instituted. An additional problem is that of combining multiple treatments with the risk of adverse drug events and actually producing harm through the application of standard procedures. Wachter (2006) has argued that quality measurement is bewildered by the patient with multiple conditions, which is, of course, most people admitted to hospital and many older people outside hospital. He considers a hypothetical 79-year-old woman with five common diseases hypertension, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ... 

It has been claimed that 76% of patients with fracture of the hip presented osteoporosis. The incidence of fracture of the hip increases markedly with age, and fracture of the wrist is even more common in older persons. Mechanical osteosynthesis often fails in older people because the nails and screws are not held in place in the demineralized bone. 

Acidity plays a significant role in the progression of osteoporosis, a disease that currently affects more than 25 million Americans, 80 percent of whom are women. Bone fractures are common in people suffering from osteoporosis, and more than 20,000 people die every year as a result of hip fractures.24 By 2020, one in two Americans older than 50 will be at risk for fractures from osteoporosis or low bone mass, according to the U.S. Surgeon General.25... 

One management tactic suggested for such patients is the avoidance of dairy products. However, as milk is a major component in the human diet, this deprives them from the use of a valuable nutritional source. In addition, since milk can provide much of the required calcium for maintaining bone health, lactose intolerance can also be associated with osteo-paenia in old people (Corazza et al., 1995). A report suggests that by 2020, half of all American citizens older than 50 will have low bone mass and be at risk for fractures from osteoporosis if appropriate dietary and other precautions are not followed (Carmona, 2006). Therefore, excluding milk from diet has adverse effects on health. 

The exact prevalence is unknown, but experts estimate that nearly half of Americans aged 50 years or older, or approximately 44 million people, have low bone mass. This number is expected to rise to over 60 million people during the next 15 years. The incidence varies widely among subpopulations and depends on many risk factors, the skeletal site measured, and the radiologic technology used. In the late 1990s, based on peripheral bone mineral density (BMD) measurements, 40% of postmenopausal women had osteopenia and 7% had osteoporosis. ... 

Calcium Adequate calcium intake is required to maintain bone mineral density and reduce the risk of osteoporosis in the elderly. In addition to the reduced absorption of calcium by elderly people that results from age-related changes in vitamin D metabolism, the elderly also show a reduced ability to increase the efficiency of calcium absorption as an adaptive response to low-calcium diets. Also, as noted earlier, the low-acid conditions resulting from atrophic gastritis can reduce calcium absorption. Dietary calcium reacts with hydrochloric acid in the stomach to form soluble calcium chloride, which is absorbed in the small intestine. In the United States, the recommended calcium intake is 1200mg/day for men and women older than age 70. Many elderly people may benefit from calcium supplements. 

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