Reducing ability

Ketones and imines with adjacent perfluoroalkyl moieties show sharply reduced abilities to interact with electrophiles. Hexafluoroacetone is not protonated even in superacidic media... 

So-called hydride reducing agents can transform carbonyl groups into alcohols, but their reducing ability depends on the nature of the hydride reagent. 

The conjugate base of the latter is the actual nucleophile. Thus the increase of activity up to pH 7.3 accounts for the deprotonation of this water molecule while the decrease in activity above this pH is related to the reduced ability of a phosphate to compete with a hydroxide for coordination to the metal center. This is a common feature of many catalysts with similar mechanisms. 

Aminoglycoside antibiotics Reduced ability of cells to take up drugs... 

The use of HPLC for quantification of phenols is often limited to a single class of phenolics and then often only to low-molecular weight compounds that are available as standards. It is, therefore, often necessary to use colorimetric assays such as the Folin-Ciocalteau assay which rely on the reducing ability of phenols to quantify the amount of total phenolics in a sample (Waterman and Mole, 1994 Singleton et al, 1999 Schofield et al, 2001). The degree of condensation of polyphenols can be quantified by colorimetric assays such as the acid-butanol assay and the vanillin assay (Waterman and Mole, 1994 Schofield et al, 2001). 

Quantification of antioxidant action usually relies on the reducing ability of antioxidants, measured either by electron transfer, reaction [16.15], or by hydrogen atom transfer reactions, reaction [16.16] ... 

Inattention Did the patient have difficulty focusing attention Is there a reduced ability to maintain and shift attention How does the patient score on the Attention Screening Examination (ASE) 0 Visual component ASE tests the patient s ability to pay attention through recall of 10 pictures... 

Hearps AC, Pryor MJ, Kuusisto HV et al (2007) The biarsenical dye Lumio exhibits a reduced ability to specifically detect tetracysteine-containing proteins within live cells. J Fluoresc 17 593-597... 

The practical applications of NaBH4 reductions on mineral surfaces for in situ generated SchifFs bases have been successfully demonstrated. The solid-state reductive amination of carbonyl compounds on various inorganic solid supports such as alumina, clay, silica etc. and especially on K 10 clay surface rapidly afford secondary and tertiary amines [126]. Clay behaves as a Lewis acid and also provides water from its interlayers thus enhancing the reducing ability of NaBH4 [22],... 

Reducing ability petroleum ether Reduces Fehling s solution Same... 

Benzie IFF and Strain JJ. 1996. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of antioxidant power the FRAP assay. Anal Biochem 239(1 ) 70—76. 

DeGraft-Johnson J, Kolodziejczyk K, Krol M, Nowak P, Krol B and Nowak D. 2007. Ferric-reducing ability power of selected plant polyphenols and their metabolites implications for clinical studies on the antioxidant effects of fruits and vegetable consumption. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 100(5) 345-352. 

Furthermore, Hirschler (32) has investigated the smoke-reducing ability of a number of metal hydroxides and oxides, at incorporation levels of up to 40 phr in acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymer. At the lowest additive level studied (10 phr), SnO gave a higher degree of smoke suppressancy (viz. 58%), than any of the other compounds, and loadings of at least 30 phr were found to be necessary to achieve comparable performance with either A1(0H) or Mg(0H). 3... 

VII. Reducing Ability of Alkyl d-Glucofuranosiduronic and 1,2-0-Alkylidene- -d-glucofuranuronic Acid Derivatives... 

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