Oryzanol

Tocotrienols, gamma Oryzanol Phosphatidyl chohne Antioxidants Controls liver cirrhosis and helps in effective liver detoxification (Bruni, 1988). Protectant against hver damage (Kidd, 1996). Antioxidant enzymes prevent hpid peroxidation and helps protecting the liver cells from damage. 

Squalene is an isoprenoid compound that is found in large quantities in shark liver and in smaller quantities in olives, rice bran and wheat germ. It is a bactericidal compound and an antioxidant and it aids in skin nutrition. Several cosmetic applications of rice bran and rice bran oil arise from the biological effects of their squalene, vitamin E and y-oryzanol content. Since these compounds are fat-soluble, rice bran oil is used for all these preparations. 

Tocotrienols present in rice bran inhibit the liver microsomal enzyme HMGCoA reductase (Qureshi and Qureshi, 1992), the key enzyme involved in the endogenous synthesis of cholesterol, and this helps to lower the circulating cholesterol. Inhibition of another enzyme, ACAT (Acyl coenzyme A acyl transferase), by y-oryzanol results in lowered LDL-C synthesis and enrichment... 

Natural products have been noted for their potential health benefits from time immemorial and are the basis of Ayurveda, an ancient Indian medical practice (Bushkin and Bushkin, 2002). However, the potential benefits of several natural products reside in one or two active ingredients. For example green tea stands for polyphenols, soy for soy estrogens, broccoli for isothiocyanates and grape seed for polyphenols. The beauty of rice bran is that there are more than 100 antioxidants, several categories of bioactive phytonutrients, such as IP6, polyphenols, phytosterols, tocotrienols, y-oryzanol, B vitamins, minerals and trace minerals in addition to fat, protein, fiber, polysaccharides and other nutrients. These phytonutrients and antioxidants of rice bran are believed to act at the cellular level, and their synergestic function is responsible for the positive health benefits. 

BRUNi J (1988) Monograph on Gamma Oryzanol The Facts. Houston, XX Claudell Publishers, 1-62. 

FUKUSHIJ (1996) Edible rice bran oil III antioxidant effects of gamma oryzanol. /fokfanWo-ritus Elsei Kenkyushoho, 16 111. 

ICHIKAWA T (1974) Administration of gamma oryzanol to women suffering from postmenopausal syndrome. Changes of hormone levels before and after administration. J New Drugs Clinics, 23 40. 

KAMIMURAM, TAKAHASHi s, SATO s (1964) Influence of gamma oryzanol on the skin capillary circulation. Bitamin, 30 341 (Chem. Abstr., 1965, 62 5783e). 

NAKAZAWA s, iMAi K, YAMAMOTO Y (1977) Clinical studies on y-oryzanol in the treatment of autonomic instability with abdominal symptoms. Japanese J. Psychosom Med, 17(4) 101-108. 

NOBORU K K, YUSHO T (1997) Oryzanol containing cosmetics. J P 7032078 (Chem Abstr. 1998, 14269x). 

RONG N, AUSMAN L M, NICOLOSI R J (1997) Gamma-oryzanol decreases cholesterol absorption and aortic streaks in hamsters. Lipids 32(3) 303-9. 

SEETHARAMIAH G s, CHANDRASEKHARA N (1990) Effect of gamma oryzanol on cholesterol absorption and biliary and fecal bile acids in rats. Ind J Med Res, 92 471-5. 

SHIN T, GODBER s J, MARTIN D E, WELLS H J (1997) Hydrolytic Stability and changes in vitamers and oryzanol of extruded rice bran during storage. JFood Sci, 62(4) 704-29. 

Carcinogenecity study of y-oryzanol in F 344 rats. Foot/ Chemical Toxicology, 30(1) 41-8. 

DNA damaging mutagenic, elastogenic and cell-cell communication inhibitory properties of y-oryzanoL . 1 Toxicol Sci. 16 191-202. 

XU z, GODBER s (1999) Purification and identification of components ofy-oryzanol in rice bran oil. JAgri Food Chem, Al 2724-8. 

XU z, HUA N, GODBER s (2001) Antioxidant activity of tocopherols, tocotrienols, and y-oryzanol components from rice bran against cholesterol oxidation accelerated by 2, 2 -azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride. J Agri Food Chem, 49 2077-81. 

BABA s (1989) Effect of gamma oryzanol on hypolipidemic subjects. Curr Therapeutic Res, 45(4) 543-50. 

Das, P. K., A. Chaudhuri, T. N. B. Kaimal, and U. T. Bhalerao. Isolation of gamma-oryzanol through calcium ion induced precipitation of anionic micellar aggregates. J Agr Food Chem 1998 46(8) 3073-3080. 

D. R. Carpenter, C. A. McClelland, and L. ]. Romanczyk Jr. Identification and quantitation of gamma-oryzanol components and simultaneous assessment of tocols in rice bran oil. J Amer Chem Soc 1993 70(3) 301-307. 

Hiraga, Y., N. Nakata, H. J in, et al. Effect of the rice bran-derived phytosterol cycloartenol ferulic acid ester on the central nervous system. Arz-neim-Forsch 1993 43(7) 715-721. Mao, X. H., R. P. Xu, S. G. Wang, et al. Simultaneous extraction of oryzanol and yazhouning from crude rice bran oil. Patent-Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu—1,067,448 1992 14 pp. 

Cycloartenol ferulate 67 Rice bran. y-Oryzanol 0.2 Skin 1 [48]... 

Experimentally, anti-oxidants such as gallic acid, ethyl gallate, oat flour (Findlay and Smith, 1945), sorbitan monostearate, glycerol monostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Hibbs and Ashworth, 1951), ascorbyl palmitate, dodecyl gallate (Abbot, 1971), high-oryzanol rice bran oil - containing tocopherols and tocotrienols (Nanua et al, 2000), nordihy-droguaiaretic acid, butylated hydroxyanisol, butylated hydroxy toluene and citric acid (Helal et al., 1976) have been used to enhance the oxidative stability of milk powders. 

Nanua, J.N., McGregor, J.U., Godber, J.S. 2000. Influence of high-oryzanol rice bran oil on the oxidative stability of whole milk powder. J. Dairy Sci. 83, 2426-2431. 

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