Organofunctional silane coupling agents

Oulwaler.. 1.0. (1956). In Proc. lilt Annual Tech. Conf. Reinforced Plastics Div. SPI Sec. 9-B. Plucddemann, E.P. (1972), Cationic organofunctional silane coupling agents. In Proc. 27th Annual Tech. Conf. Reinf Plastic. SPI, Section 21-B. 

Salient considerations for the design of the molecular structure and conditions of application for organofunctional silane coupling agents include the following... 

Table 6.2 A comparison of various unsaturated acids and three organofunctional silane coupling agents as surface modifiers in 60wt% ATH -filled EVA [16],...

Table 12. Selected Organofunctional Silane Coupling Agents for Silica-Filled Rubber... 

Marsden JG, Sterman S. Organofunctional silane coupling agents (chapter 40). In Skeist I, ed. Handbook of Adhesives, 3rd ed. New York, NY Van Nostrand Reinhold 1990. 

Product Brochure, PCR Prosil Organofunctional Silane Coupling Agents, 7 pages. 

The subject of silane chemistry and its interaction with both glass surface and polymer resins have been studied extensively. Since the silane coupling agent for improving the bond quality has first appeared in the literature (Rochow, 1951), a wide variety of organofunctional silanes has been developed, prominently by Plueddemann and coworkers. An early compilation of this subject for epoxy and polyester matrix composites (Plueddemann et al., 1962, Clark and Plueddemann, 1963 Plueddemann, 1974), and more recent reviews on the use of silane agents and... 

Silane coupling agents the role of the organofunctional group... 

Silane coupling agents have the structure R—Si—X3, where R represents an organofunctional group and X is generally alkoxy. They are generally applied from water solutions or from organic solvent-water mixtures. In the presence of water, hydrolysis occurs step-wise to form alkoxysilanols, and eventually silane triols. Condensation of the silanols to siloxanes also occurs. Reactions shown schematically below ... 

Many different silane coupling agents are available for improving the adhesion between polymers and metals or fillers and fibers [1]. Although organofunctional silanes have been reported to be very effective in such adhesion applications, the exact mechanism by which they function has not been determined conclusively in certain cases. Several techniques have been used to characterize silane films formed on various substrates, such as glass, aluminum, and steel. Some of these methods are XPS [2, 3], FUR [4], IETS [5, 6], NMR [7], and Raman spectroscopy [8]. 

The organofunctional portion bonds with the resin in the adhesive or the organic medium, and the silane portion bonds to the inorganic or substrate surface. Silane coupling agents are commonly used between the adhesive and the adherend, between resin matrix and reinforcing fibers in composites, and between resin matrix and mineral fillers in compounds. The resulting interface provides... 

Adsorption of alkoxysilanes onto cellulose fibers also holds promise for modification of the cellulose surface. The basic formula of the silane-coupling agents used has an organofunctional group on one side of the chain and an alkoxy group on the other. Abdelmouleh studied the adsorption of several prehydrolyzed alkox-... 

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