Organization culture dynamic

Neue HU, Becker-Heidmann P, Scharpenseel HW. 1990. Organic matter dynamics, soil properties, and cultural practices in rice lands and their relationship to methane production. In Bouwman AF, ed. Soils and the Greenhouse Effect. New York Wiley, 457-466. 

Previously, hver shces were incubated in static organ cultures [1]. Hart et cd. [49] cultured rat hver slices for 24 h spread out on wet filter paper, floating on top of the incubation medium. Several slice-containing vessels were placed in a box with saturated 95% O2 and 5% CO2 at 37°C. However, the shces employed were rather thick (approximately 0.3 mm) and only the upper cell layers (0.2 mm) in the slice contained viable ceUs. Together with the introduction of the Krumdieck sheer [5,46], a new incubation technique for shces, the dynamic organ culture system (DOC), was introduced [35]. The main characteristic of this system is the intermittent exposure of the shce to incubation medium and the gas phase. The DOC is in fact a modified version of the Trowell incubation system [1]. 

Smith PF, Gandolfi AJ, Kmmdieck CL, et al. Dynamic organ culture of precision liver slices for in vitro toxicology. Life Sci 1985 13 1367-1375. 

Drahushuk AT, McGarrigle BP, Tai HL, et al. Validation of precision-cut liver slices in a dynamic organ culture as an in vitro model for studying CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 induction. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1996 140 393 403. 

Stefaniak MS, Gandolfi AJ, Brendel K. 1988. Adult rat lung in dynamic organ culture A new tool in pharmacology. Proc West Pharmacol Soc 31 149-151. 

Fisher RL, Shaughnessy RP, Jenkins PM et al. (1995) Dynamic organ culture is superior to multiwell plate culture for maintaining precision-cut tissue slices. 1. Optimization of the tissue slice culture. Toxicol Methods 5 99-113 Forster RP (1948) Use of thin kidney slices and isolated renal tubules for direct study of cellular transport kinetics. Science 108 65-67... 

Dynamic kinetic resolution of a-alkyl-P-keto ester was conducted successfully using biocatalysts. For example, baker s yeast gave selectively syn(2R, 3S)-product [29a] and the selectivity was enhanced by using selective inhibitor [29b] or heat treatment of the yeast [29c]. Organic solvent was used for stereochemical control of G. candidum [29d]. Plant cell cultures were used for reduction of 2-methyl-3-oxobu-tanoate and afforded antialcohol with Marchantia [29e,f] and syn-isomer with Glycine max [29f]. 

Despite the feasibility of using cultured RPE cells for studies similar to those performed using Caco-2 cells, the role of the RPE in carotenoid uptake and dynamic regulation has only just begun to be investigated. As carotenoids are carried in blood by lipoproteins, lipoprotein-rich serum seems to be the most appropriate vehicle for carotenoid delivery to cultured RPE cells. Indeed, recent studies comparing carotenoid delivery from fetal calf serum and from organic solvents showed that delivery in the presence of serum was superior to tetrahydrofuran (Shafaa et al., 2007). 

Three areas of methodolc stressed here are of special concern for the study of air pollution effects on v etation growth of the test organisms, exposure facilities, and instrumentation. First, to determine the effects of air pollutants on many plant species, one must have a good understanding of the best cultural conditions for a given test crop some results reflect the use of poor test specimens. Second, dynamic... 

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