Organic rejection

Decreases the production of lymphocytes and eosinophils in the blood by causing atrophy of the thymus gland blocks the release of cytokines, resulting in a decreased performance of T and B monocytes in the immune response. (This action, coupled with the anti-inflammatory action, makes the corticosteroids useful in delaying organ rejection in patients with transplants.)... 

Cyclosporine is a cyclic polypeptide immunosuppressant typically used to prevent organ rejection in transplant patients. Its use is restricted to patients with fulminant or refractory symptoms in patients with active IBD. Significant toxicides associated with cyclosporine are nephrotoxicity, risk of infection, seizures, hypertension, and liver function test abnormalities.1,13,14... 

Solid organ transplant recipients have a blunted immune response to vaccines because the immunosuppressive regimens used to prevent organ rejection inhibit both T- and B-cell proliferation. Many of these patients will also have secondary hypogammaglobulinemia post-transplantation. Prior to transplant, children should complete primary immunization schedules if possible accelerated schedules may be used. Adults should have all vaccinations updated prior to transplantation.16... 

In some surgical procedures, such as organ transplantation, the success of that procedure will be only as great as the course of pharmacotherapy that follows. Organ transplant recipients are required to continue drug therapy for the balance of their lives for control of their immune systems and to prevent organ rejection. 

Prophylaxis of acute organ rejection in allogeneic renal transplantation... 

Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressive agent. To prevent thrombocytopenia and hypercholesterolemia, optimize efficacy, and reduce organ rejection, assays were developed to monitor concentrations of sirolimus in the whole blood of patients under treatment.40"12 Wallemacq et al.43 developed and validated a simple high-throughput HPLC-MS/MS method to routinely monitor sirolimus... 

Nanofiltration membranes, 15 825 acid resistant, 21 635t in nonaqueous media, 21 654—656 organic rejections by, 21 656-657 Nanofiltration reverse osmosis systems, 26 80-83... 

Sirolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor that acts as an immunosuppressant. It is administered systemically in the prophylaxis of organ rejection in kidney allograft recipients. It may be used in combination with ciclosporin, particularly initially. However since ciclosporin is markedly nephrotoxic, when sirolimus is used with ciclosporin, monitoring of kidney function is essential. 

Much research has also been conducted on everolimus and other mTOR inhibitors for use in a number of cancers. The PDA has recently approved everolimus for organ rejection prophylaxis on April 22, 2010. A Phase II trial reports it is effective in the treatment of subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGA) associated with tuberous sclerosis. In Oct 2010, the PDA approved its use in SEGA unsuitable for surgery. As of Oct 2010 Phase III trials are under way in breast cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NET), and lymphoma. ... 

Novartis. (2010). Novartis receives US FDA approval for zortress (everolimus) to prevent organ rejection in adult kidney transplant recipients. Press release http //www.novartis.com. 

Endothelial cells Negatively charged (H)SA Rat, man Organ rejection, I/R damage... 

Basiliximab is a mouse/human chimeric monoclonal antibody with specificity and high affinity for the a-subunit of the IL-2 receptor. The antibody acts as an lL-2Ra antagonist and inhibits lL-2-mediated activation and proliferation of T l)unphocytes. It is indicated for the prevention of acute organ rejection in adult and paediatric renal transplant recipients in combination with other immunosuppressive agents like cyclosporin, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetU... 

Organ rejection prophylaxis Prophylaxis of organ rejection in patients receiving allogeneic liver or kidney transplants. It is recommended that tacrolimus be used concomitantly with adrenal corticosteroids. Because of the risk of anaphylaxis, reserve the injection for patients unable to take the capsules orally. 

Organ rejection Prophylaxis of organ rejection in patients receiving renal transplants. It is recommended that sirolimus be used in a regimen with cyclosporine and corticosteroids. In patients at low to moderate immunological risk, cyclosporine should be withdrawn 2 to 4 months after transplantation and sirolimus dose should be increased to reach recommended blood concentrations. 

Renal, cardiac, and hepatic transplant Mycophenolate is indicated for the prophylaxis of organ rejection in patients receiving allogeneic renal, cardiac, or hepatic transplants. Use mycophenolate concomitantly with cyclosporine and corticosteroids. 

Organ rejection, prophylaxis Prophylaxis of acute organ rejection in patients receiving renal transplants. It is used as part of an immunosuppressive regimen that includes cyclosporine and corticosteroids. 

Allogeneic transplants For prophylaxis of organ rejection in kidney, liver, and heart allogeneic transplants. Gengraf and A/eora/have been used in combination with azathioprine and corticosteroids. Sanc//n n nne always is to be used with adrenal corticosteroids. Sandimmune a so may be used in the treatment of chronic rejection in patients previously treated with other immunosuppressive agents. Because of the risk of anaphylaxis, reserve Sandimmune injection for patients who are unable to... 

Immunomodulator] WARNING Administer under skilled supervision in equipped facility Uses Prevent acute organ rejection Action IL-2 receptor... 

Mycophenolate mofetil is used together with cyclosporine and corticosteroids for the prophylaxis of acute organ rejection in patients undergoing allogeneic renal, or hepatic transplants. Compared with azathioprine it is more lymphocyte-specific and is associated with less bone marrow suppression, fewer opportunistic infections and lower incidence of acute rejection. More recently, the salt mycophenolate sodium has also been introduced. Mycophenolate mofetil is rapidly hydrolyzed to mycopheno-lic acid, its active metabolite. Mycophenolic acid is a reversible noncompetitive inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, an important enzyme for the de novo synthesis of purines. As lymphocytes have little or no salvage pathway for purine... 

Mycophenolate mofetil (CdlCept), in conjunction with cyclosporine and corticosteroids, has clinical applications in the prevention of organ rejection in patients receiving allogeneic renal and cardiac transplants. By effectively inhibiting de novo purine synthesis, it can impair the proliferation of both T and B lymphocytes. Following oral administration, mycophenolate mofetil is almost completely absorbed from the GI tract, metabolized in the liver first to the active compound my-cophenolic acid, and then further metabolized to an inactive glucuronide. 

Transplantation, prevention of organ rejection PO 10-18 mg/kg/dose given 4-12 hr priorfo organ fransplanfafion. Mainfenance 5-15 mg/kg/dayin divided doses fhen fa-pered fo 3-10 mg/kg/day. IV Inifially, 5-6 mg/kg/dose given 4-12 hr prior fo organ fransplanfafion. Mainfenance 2-10 mg/kg/day in divided doses. 

Unlabeled Uses Prevention of organ rejection in patients receiving allogeneic bone marrow, heart, pancreas, pancreatic island cell, or small-bowel transplant, treatment of autoimmune disease, severe recalcitrant psoriasis... 

Pediatric patients with psychiatric symptomatology secondary to medications being used to treat medical conditions (e.g., a transplant patient treated with high-dose corticosteroids for organ rejection who develops irritability)... 

What is the status of the underlying medical condition Has the syndrome resolved, such as in the case of a delirium, the anxious anticipatory response to a procedure, or steroid boost for organ rejection or is the medical illness chronic (e.g., HIV or diabetes mellitus) ... 

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