Arsenicals, organic

CHjSH CHSH-CHjOH. Usually obtained as an oil, m.p. 77 C. Developed as an antidote to poisoning by organic arsenicals by external application, it is of use in poisoning by Hg, Cu, Zn, Cd but not Pb. It acts by forming a chelate with the metal and so removing it from the system. 

A novel interface to connect a ce system with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric (icpms) detector has been developed (88). The interface was built using a direct injection nebulizer (din) system. The ce/din/icpms system was evaluated using samples containing selected alkah, alkaline earths, and heavy-metal ions, as well as selenium (Se(IV) and Se(VI)), and various inorganic and organic arsenic species. The preliminary results show that the system can be used to determine metal species at ppt to ppb level. 

Arsenic compounds have numerous practical appHcations. Although a variety of inorganic and organic arsenicals are used in commerce, arsenic trioxide [1327-53-3] AS2O2, accounted for 98% of the arsenic consumed in 1988 (2). 

Arsonic and Arsinic Acids. The arsonic acids, compounds of the type RAsO(OH)2, are among the most important organic arsenicals. The ahphatic arsonic acids are generally prepared by the Meyer reaction ie, heating an alkyl haUde with As O in alkaline solution ... 

G. W. Raiziss and J. L. Gavron, Organic Arsenical Compounds, The Chemical Catalog Co., New York, 1923. 

Organic arsenic compounds and arsine Oxygen 5/B Ozone 0.05/a... 

It is also possible to separate the organic arsenic compounds by column chromatography first, and then reduce them to arsines later [16]. 

Organic arsenic species can be rendered reactive either by photolysis with ultraviolet radiation or by oxidation with potassium permanganate or a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acids. Arsenic (V) can be determined separately from total inorganic arsenic after extracting arsenic (III) as its pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate into chloroform [15]. 

Lloyd, D. Gosney, I., (Patai, S. Ed.) The Chemistry of Organic Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth Compounds, Wiley, Chichester, 1994. 

The chemistry of sulphonic acids, esters and their derivatives The chemistry of alkanes and cycloalkanes Supplement S The chemistry of sulphur-containing functional groups The chemistry of organic arsenic, antimony and bismuth compounds The chemistry of enamines (2 parts)... 

As was the case with the volume The chemistry of organic arsenic, antimony and bismuth compounds, published in 1994, it was clear that the set of five volumes describing organometallic compounds (edited by Professor Frank R. Hartley) did not deal in sufficient depth with organic compounds of germanium, tin and lead. Hence we decided to publish the present volume, which we hope will be a useful and worthwhile addition to the series The Chemistry of Functional Groups. In this volume the authors literature search extended in most cases up to the end of 1994. 

Inorganic arsenicals are more toxic than organic arsenicals, and trivalent forms are more toxic than pentavalent forms. 

Acute episodes of poisoning in warm-blooded organisms by inorganic and organic arsenicals are usually characterized by high mortality and morbidity over a period of 2 to 3 days (NAS 1977 ... 

Inorganic arsenic compounds are more toxic than organic arsenic compounds, and trivalent species are more toxic than pentavalent species. 

Cockell, K.A. and J.W. Hilton. 1985. Chronic toxicity of dietary inorganic and organic arsenicals to rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri R.). Feder. Proc. 44(4) 938. 

Denham, D.A., S.L. Oxenham, I. Midwinter, and E.A.H. Friedheim. 1986. The antifilarial activity of a novel group of organic arsenicals upon Brugia pahangi. Jour. Helminthol. 60 169-172. 

Hsueh, Y.M., Y.L. Huang, C.C. Huang, W.L. Wu, H.M. Chen, M.H. Yang, L.C. Lue, and C.J. Chen. 1998. Urinary levels of inorganic and organic arsenic metabolites among residents in an arseniasis-hyperendemic area in Taiwan. Jour. Toxicol. Environ. Health 54A 431-444. 

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