Organ disorders

As shown in Fig. 1.1, the integration of pharmacogenomics and systems biology can help elucidate the mechanisms of diseases and drug actions at various levels and connect information between different levels. For example, altered genetic structure may cause malfunctions at the molecular level, which would influence the downstream interactions, pathways, and networks at the cellular level. Such changes may then lead to tissue or organ disorders that are disease phenotypes reflected as... 

These codes cover dementia of the Alzheimer type, and other organic disorders. The treatment of the diseases within this group is discussed in more detail in Chapter 39. 

Radiation illness An acute organic disorder that follows exposure to relatively severe doses of ionizing radiation. It is characterized by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, blood cell changes, and in later stages, hemorrhage and loss of hair. 

Anxiety is characterized by fear and apprehension that may or may not be associated with a cieariy identifiabie stimuius. Anxiety is a common reaction to significant life stress, is seen in conjunction with almost every psychiatric disorder, and is a common component of numerous organic disorders as well (e.g., hyperthyroidism, hypoglycemia, pheochromocytoma, complex partial seizures, pulmonary disorders, acute myocardial infarction, caffeine intoxication, various substances of abuse). Anxiety is almost invariably accompanied by physical symptoms such as the following ... 

The theory predicts a strong dependence of photogeneration efficiencies on the field and it approaches unity at high field. The temperature sensitivity decreases with the increase in field. The theory has found satisfactory explanations in the photogeneration process in many organic disordered systems, such as PVK (Scheme la) [25], and triphenylamine doped in polycarbonate [26], Figure 4 shows an example of the field dependence of c() calculated from Eq. (22) (the solid lines) to fit the quantum efficiency data at room temperature for hole and electron generation in an amorphous material. The material consists of a sexithiophene covalently linked with a methine dye molecule (compound 1) (Scheme 2). 

Perez-Pariente, J., Diaz, I. and Agundez, J. Organizing disordered matter strategies for ordering the network of mesoporous materials, C. R. Chimie, 2005, 8, 569-578. 

Since the behaviors associated with ADHD do not constitute an organic disorder but, in most cases, a manifestation of conflict between children and adults, it is unreasonable to expect that a biological cause will ever be found. Put another way, since the adults have more influence over the origins and resolutions of the problem, it is irrational to seek a biological defect in the child. Golden (1991) put it simply ... 

Aminophenoxyacetamide derivatives, (III), prepared by Takemoto (4) were effective in increasing calbindin D28k and used as neuroprotectants for treating cerebral functional and cerebral organic disorders. 

In a retrospective study in a psychiatric hospital in Curasao, Netherlands Antilles, 133 Afro-Caribbean inpatients (mean age 52 years), with no organic disorders and a history of current use of neuroleptic drugs for at least 3 months, were assessed for tardive dyskinesia (291). The prevalence was 36%. When the number of interruptions to neuroleptic drug therapy was split into up to two and more than two, the resulting adjusted odds ratio was 3.29 (95% Cl = 1.27, 8.49). Thus, the number of interruptions turned out to be the second risk factor after age. Cumulative dosages of neuroleptic or anticholinergic drugs were not risk factors. 

Lithium may be useful for a number of patients with episodic, recurrent symptoms with or without affective illness, including episodic rage, anger or violence, and selfdestructive behavior such symptoms may be associated with psychotic or nonpsychotic illnesses, personality disorders, organic disorders, or mental retardation... 

Self-mutilation refers to deliberate self-injury without the intent to die. It is most commonly encountered in three groups of patients those with organic disorders (including mental retardation), psychotic disorders, and personality disorders. Self-mutilation is often a clinical issue in patients with severe personality disorders who, for example, repeatedly make lacerations (often fairly superficial) on their wrist or forearm. They may describe that, as they watch the blood flow from the cut, it feels as if some internal tension is flowing out of them. 

Taylor, R. L. 1990. Distinguishing psychological from organic disorders. New York Springer Publishing. 

Arsenic can cause acute and chronic poisoning. Acute arsenic poisoning may cause vomiting, dryness of the mouth and throat, muscle cramps, colicky abdominal pain, tingling of the hands and feet, circulatory disorders, and nervous weakness. Cold and clammy skin, hallucinations, delirium, and diarrhea appear. If death does not occur within 24 h, irreversible organ disorders oecur. 

Special emphasis should be placed on differential diagnosis among related disorders and between organic disorders and psychiatric disorders. 

There are numerous nonprescription preparations that possess analgesic properties. These preparations, which relieve pain arising from organic disorders or of psychosomatic origin, contain various analgesic agents, the most common of which are the following ... 

A — Use in the cure or prevention or diagnosis or mitigation of pain or pathological symptoms produced by organic disorders or inorganic disorders in man or animal. 

It may be obtained experimentally from a plot of log p vs at a constant temperature. In many organic disordered systems, the hole and electron mobilities were reported and clearly follow the PF relation shown in Equation 3.4 [23-26]. The PF model, however, has a serious deficiency. According to Equation 3.5, it makes a definitive prediction on the value of Ppp. Yet, it turns out that most experimental results deviate significantly from the theoretical value of Ppp. 

For explaining the existence of a dominant random cavity in RL of organic disordered gain media, it was noted that Lq sharp determination in the ensemble-averaged PFT spectra may come from the competition of two opposing effects, both with steep dependence on L one diminishes with L, whereas... 

---