Or primitive

Ur zeile, /. primitive ceil, ovum, -zeugung, /. abiogenesls. -zustand, m. original (or primitive) state. 

Anhydrous planetesimals, and especially the meteorites derived from them, provide crucial cosmochemical data. Spectroscopic studies of asteroids do not provide chemical analyses, but the spectral similarities of several asteroid classes to known meteorite types provide indirect evidence of their compositions. The few chemical analyses of asteroids by spacecraft are consistent with ordinary chondrite or primitive achondrite compositions. Laboratory analyses of anhydrous meteorites - chondrites, achondrites, irons, and stony irons - allow us to study important chemical fractionations in early solar system bodies. Fractionations among chondrites occur mostly in elements with higher volatility, reflecting the accretion of various components whose compositions were determined by high- and low-temperature processes such as condensation and evaporation. Fractionations among achondrites and irons are more complex and involve partitioning of elements between melts and crystals during differentiation. 

B Flowers mostly perigynous or epigynous or with a reduced or primitive perigynous condition. 

Metallic compositions are primarily encountered for stoichiometries A3C60. These salts are superconducting and they adopt, in general, either fee or primitive cubic structures, in which the three cations occupy the available octahedral and tetrahedral interstitial sites. Charge transfer is essentially complete and the... 

At the microscopic level, bone consists of two structures woven and lamellar (Fig. la). Woven bone (with an average mineral grain size of 10 to 50 nm) is the immature, or primitive, form of bone and is normally found in the metaphyseal region of growing bone as well as in fracture callus (Kaplan et al., 1994 Park and Lakes, 1992). Woven bone is coarse-fibered and... 

A. A polyphyletic evolution from mitotic to meiotic life cycles within a polykaryotic and coenocytic homothallic organism (primary or primitive homothallism [41, 83] (fig. 5). 

A differential equation can be arrived at by differentiating an original equation, or primitive, as it is called. In the case of Pick s second law, the primitive is the equation that gives the precise nature of the functional dependence of concentration on space and time i.e., the primitive is an elaboration on... 

The achondritic meteorites can be subdivided into the differentiated achondrites igneous rocks from parent bodies that were extensively melted, and the undifferentiated, or primitive, achondrites from parent bodies that underwent little melting. 

Developing a model for the composition of the Earth and its major reservoirs can be established in a four-step process. The first involves estimating the composition of the silicate Earth (or primitive mantle, which includes the crust plus mantle after core formation). The second step involves defining a volatility curve for the planet, based on the abundances of the moderately volatile and highly volatile lithophile elements in the silicate Earth, assuming that none have been sequestered into the core (i.e., they are truly lithophile). The third step entails calculating a bulk Earth composition using the planetary volatility curve established in step two, chemical data for chondrites, and... 

To model the effects of large scale stnuXure on the properties we will rqrresent each chain by a random-walk sequence of nio pieces or primitive segments in which (r ) = d for each segment. Thus mo d is the sequence length, and, for a collection of chains of the same length. 

There are seven types of unit cell (see Tal)le 1 I) and therefore seven simple or primitive lattices with one unit of pattern at each cell corner. 

For all possible crystals there are seven basic or primitive unit cells, which are shown in Fig. 1.2. We will represent the lengths of the sides as a, b and c and the angles as... 

Sometimes the smallest, or primitive, unit cell does not have the full symmetry of the crystal lattice. If so, a larger nonprimitive unit cell that does have the characteristic symmetry is deliberately chosen (Fig. 21.8). Only three types of nonprimitive cells are commonly used in the description of crystals body-centered, face-centered, and side-centered. They are shown in Figure 21.9. 

All oxidations meet criteria (1) and (2), and many meet criterion (3), but this is not always easy to demonstrate. Alternatively, an oxidation can be described as a transformation of an organic substrate that can be rationally dissected into steps or primitive changes. The latter consist in removal of one or several electrons from the substrate followed or preceded by gain or loss of water and/or hydrons or hydroxide ions, or by NUCLEOPHILIC substitution by water or its reverse and/or by an intramolecular molecular rearrangement. 

From the view that the a-relaxation is the product of the cooperative dynamics originating from the JG or primitive relaxation, it is natural to expect that the properties of the JG relaxation will mimic those of the structural relaxation. We consider the relaxation time as well as the relaxation strength of the JG relaxation. 

The fourteen Bravais lattices are described in Table 2-1 and illustrated in Fig. 2-3, where the symbols P, F, /, etc., have the following meanings. We must first distinguish between simple, or primitive, cells (symbol P or R) and nonprimitive cells (any other symbol) primitive cells have only one lattice point per cell while nonprimitive have more than one. A lattice point in the interior of a cell belongs to that cell, while one in a cell face is shared by two cells and one at a corner is shared by eight. The number of lattice points per cell is therefore given by... 

There is usually a big gap between the application layer and the layer of external models of tools (see again Fig. 1.6 separation line a) Tools only support minor or primitive parts of the work processes of developers, support does not fit to the task to be solved, the presentation of results is not evident, or the communication between developers is done outside of tool environments (phone, meetings, etc.). Work processes are mostly manual and tedious. 

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