Challenges and Opportunities

A range of challenges that were highlighted in other chapters are listed in Box 18.3. Some of 

Maintaining sustainability in the global economy balancing organic principles with commercial imperatives. 

Maintaining flexible organic standards and certification processes to address issues such as  

Developing locally applicable agronomic solutions to production constraints, such as weeds, animal health and soil fertility. 

Expanding research activities in many disciplines (particularly beyond Europe and North America) and foster the integration of knowledge. 

This photocurable ink design can be extended to many polymeric systems, including poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), a well-characterized, biocompatible hydrogel material [30]. We therefore envision many opportunities to further tailor the scaffold chemistry, mechanical properties, and structure to improve cell viability on these novel constructs. 

Generating Micro- and Nanopattems on Polymeric Materials. Edited by A. del Campo and E. Arzt Copyright 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA, Weinheim ISBN 978-3-527-32508-5 

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Clearly there are still many opportunities and challenges to be undertaken. It is hoped that this review may provide a useful background and provide stimulus for new ideas in the future. 

Burges, S. J. (1998). Streamflow prediction - capabilities, opportunities, and challenges. In "Hydrologic Science Taking Stock and Looking Ahead" (National Research Coimcil). National Academy Press, Washington, DC. 

Davis, S. S., and Ilium, L. (1986). Colloidal delivery systems opportunities and challenges, in Site-Specific Drug Delivery (E. Tomlinson and S. S. Davis, eds.), John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, pp. 93-110. 

Nirmalan NJ, Harnden P, Selby PJ, et al. Mining the archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue proteome opportunities and challenges. Mol. Biosyst. 2008 4 712-720. 

Recent developments of materials and devices with structures in nanometer length scales have created new opportunities and challenges in the science of thermal transport. Interfaces play a particularly important role in the properties of nanoscale structures and nanostructured materials [97-98], This is why a renewed interest for contact resistance arose in recent years with studies of nanocomposite, semicrystalline and polycrystalline materials where contact resistances has a controlling role to determine the bulk thermal conductivity of the material [99-100],... 

Matthiessen J, Kirkegaard J (2006) Biofumigation and enhanced biodegradation opportunity and challenge in soilborne pest and disease management. Crit Rev Plant Sci 25 235-265. doi 10.1080/07352680600611543... 

Perkins, J. D. Plantwide Optimization—Opportunities and Challenge. In Foundations of Computer-aided Process Operations. J. F. Pekny G. E. Blau, eds. American Institute of Chemical Engineering. New York (1998), pp. 15-26. 

Perkins, J. D. Plant-wide Optimization Opportunities and Challenges. FOCAPO-98 Proceedings. AIChE Symp Ser 320, 94 15-26 (1998). 

Medical Plastics 2000 Innovation, Opportunities and Challenges. Conference proceedings. 

The Hydrogen Economy Opportunities and Challenges, ed. Michael Ball and Martin Wietschel. Published by Cambridge University Press. Cambridge University Press 2009. 

NEB (National Energy Board of Canada) (2004). Canada s Oil Sands Opportunities and Challenges to 2015. www.neb-one.gc.ca. 

Kromer, M. A. and Heywood, J. B. (2007). Electric Powertrains Opportunities and Challenges in the US Light-Duty Vehicle Fleet. MIT Report. LFEE 2007-02 RP. 

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