Operational Efficiency Improvements

5) McKinsey Chemicals Long-term Performance Database, broker s reports 

6) Air separation is one of the most energy intensive industrial processes. A medium- 

Includes purchased gases and services Source McKinsey 

---

Modification of Equipment. (/) Install equipment that produces minimal or no waste. 2) Modify equipment to enhance recovery or recycling options. (I) Redesign equipment or production lines to produce less waste. (4) Improve operating efficiency of equipment. (5) Maintain strict preventive maintenance program. 

Identify better operating regions leading to improved product or operating efficiency. 

These benefits directly translate into lower costs and improved operating efficiency for rotating machinery. Lubrication is unnecessary. The bearing is operable in hostile environments and, in many cases, can operate in the process fluid at high pressures and temperatures. Experience shows that total consumption of frictional power is drastically reduced. 

Much of the potential for improvement in technical energy efficiencies in industrial processes depends on how closely such processes have approached their thermodynamic limit. There are two types of energy efficiency measures (1) more efficient use in existing equipment through improved operation, maintenance or retrofit of equipment and (2) use of more efficient new equipment by introducing more efficient processes and systems at the point of capital turnover or expansion of production. More efficient practices and new technologies exist for all industrial sectors. Table 2 outlines some examples of energy efficiency improvement techniques and practices. 

In considering these risk factors, there generally is little that can be done to shorten a FW line, and a long line may in fact be desirable where an oxygen scavenger is fed directly to the line because it will increase the DO contact time. To improve operating efficiency, however ... 

Traditionally, customers employ water treatment service companies simply as external contractors to assist in the maintenance of clean and efficient waterside surfaces in their various heating, steam generating, cooling, and certain industrial process systems. The customers benefit from genuine improvements in operating efficiency, reductions in maintenance time, and replacement component costs. In addition, where industrial processes are involved they often profit from an added-value, due to an improved product quality or reduction in manufacturing cost. 

It is, thus, to the second group that this book on boiler water treatment is primarily addressed. My key objective was to provide the reader with useful and practical boiler plant information that will help improve waterside cleanliness and add value to their facilities operational efficiencies. 

An intrinsic, exothermic water-gas shift reaction occurs in the steam reformer reactor. The combined reaction, steam reforming and water gas shift, is endothermic. As such, an indirect high temperature heat source is needed to operate the reactor. This heat source usually takes the shape of an immediately adjacent high temperature furnace that combusts a small portion of the raw fuel or the fuel effluent from the fuel cell. Efficiency improves by using rejected heat from other parts of the system. Note that the intrinsic water-gas shift in the reactor may not lower the... 

---