Operation Chase

In the fall of 1968, the Department of the Army directed the disposal of certain chemical munitions which were obsolete and excess to the National deterrent stockpile. The proposed-disposal plan, designated Operation Chase, provided for these munitions to be transported across country (Denver, Colorado, to the East Coast), be loaded on excess freighter type boats and taken under US Coast Guard escort to a previously designated explosives dumping site beyond the Atlantic Continental Shelf and sunk. 

This operation was suspended because of public concerns expressed over the transportation of hazardous materials through the various states, and criticism by environmentalists concerning potential impacts on marine life. In May 19 9, the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) was requested by the Department of Defense to provide an assessment of the Operation Chase disposal plan. An Ad Hoc Advisory Committee of the Academy, composed of 12 experts from leading industrial, educational, and research institutions, submitted a report to Department of Defense in June 1969 from which the guidance shown on inclosure 1 has been extracted. 

Old Liberty ships were filled with nerve gas (some encased in conCTete) and mustard gas ordnance and sunk in deep water off the coast as part of Operation CHASE (Cut Holes And Sink Em). 

OPERATION CHASE. In Operation CHASE, the U.S. Navy sank a number of ships loaded with obsolete munitions off the U.S. East Coast. CHASE is an acronym for Cut Holes And Sink Em. Eour of the exercises involved sinking ships loaded with chemical weapons (CW). The first scuttling of a CW-laden ship occurred on 15 June 1967, and the fourth and final one on 18 August 1970. CW materials disposed through this operation included containers of sulfur mustard, sarin, and VX, as well as M-55 rockets filled with sarin and VX. 

The certification business has grown enormously in the last ten years. The International Accreditation Forum (lAF) recorded 616 accredited certification bodies in January 1999. The experience of the vehicle manufacturers with ISO 9000 certification led them to question the wisdom of so many certification bodies chasing the same business in a competitive market. The results seemed to indicate that cost reductions by the certification bodies led to a decline in the quality of auditing and that was the opposite of what the vehicle manufacturers wanted. The vehicle manufacturers had not seen a significant rise in product quality as a result of ISO 9000 and they believed this was partially due to the quality of the accreditation and certification schemes being operated as well as inadequacies in the quality system standard. When the four national automotive schemes were launched, great emphasis was placed on regulating more closely the accreditation and certification schemes. From a customer perspective, the ISO 10011 scheme had some particular problems ... 

Figure 8-124. Typical operating curve of sieve trays with downcomers. Note modes of operation used by permission, Chem. Eng., Chase, J. D., July 31 (1969), p. 105. Also see Klein [201], Figure 8-148.

Xi, M. C., Morales, F. R. Chase, M. H. (2001). The motor inhibitory system operating during active sleep is tonically suppressed by GABAergic mechanisms during other states. J. Neurophysiol 86, 1908 15. 

Stimulus-response experiments were used to evaluate the operation of a 1.465L laboratory stirred-tank reactor as a CSTR. The response curves were obtained (a) by using acetic acid (A, ca = 0.85 mol L-1) as a tracer chasing water in step-change experiments, and (b) by using a small pulse of glacial acetic acid (density = 1.05 g cm-3, M = 60 g mol-1) on a... 

Chase [2.32] presents an alternative method to monitor and control the freeze drying process by measuring the flow of nitrogen to keep the operation control pressure, pc, constant. The Mass Flow Controller (FMC) consists of a proportional valve, an integral flow meter and a capacitance manometer (CA). The CA measures the total pressure in the plant, the valve opens, if the pressure gets below the preset value and vice versa. The flow of... 

Boulton, M. J., Smith, P. K. (1992). The social nature of playfighting and play chasing mechanisms and strategies underlying co-operation and compromise. In J. H. Barkow, L. Cosmides J. Tooby (Eds.), The adapted mind. New York Oxford University Press. 

Now make a little fire for four hours. This must chase away all the humidity from the mercury and vitriol. After complete evaporation of the wetness, stoke the fire so that the white and pure matter of the mercury becomes separated from all its impurities this operation requires another four hours. You will know when sufficient time has elapsed by introducing a wooden rod into the sublimating vessel. Lower this into the upper aperture and down into the matter itself, ascertaining whether the mercurial white matter is ready to blend together.. . . ... 

Although it often is cheaper to cut threads than to cast them, for many pieces cast threads usually are more economical. Male threads usually are made with a parting parallel to the axis this leaves a flash at the parting. The flash can be removed with a shaving tool in some instances, but in others a chasing operation is necessary. 

Chase RB, Jacobs RF, Aquilano NJ (2006) Operations management for competitive advantage, 11th edn. McGraw Hill, Boston et al. 

Chang, Y. K., and Chase, H. A. (1996). Development of operating conditions for protein purification using expanded bed techniques The effect of degree of bed expansion on adsorption performance. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 49, 204-216. 

The cleanroom is normally constructed in an existing building or structure as a core unit, surrounded by supporting access and staging anterooms, service chases, and machine rooms necessary to support the aseptic operation, supply working materials, and remove finished products and waste materials without cross-contamination or interference with the critical work stream. 

---