Oil of lavender

Table 5. Comparison of Constituents of Oils of Lavender and Lavandin ...

In Ancient Egypt mummies were wrapped in cloth dipped in a solution of bitumen in oil of lavender which was known variously as Syrian Asphalt or Bitumen of Judea. On exposure to light the product hardened and became insoluble. It would appear that this process involved the action of chemical cross-linking, which in modem times became of great importance in the vulcanisation of rubber and the production of thermosetting plastics. It was also the study of this process that led Niepce to produce the first permanent photograph and to the development of lithography (see Chapter 14). 

The principal difference between English aud E ranch oil of lavender ia that the former contains only a very small quantity of liualyl esters whilst cineol appears to hr a normal coustitueut of Kuglish oil. Semin-let and Tiemaun have Isolated from English oil the terpene limo-ueue, liualol. aud I-Iiualyl acetate. Oineol aud a sesquiterpeue are also normal constituents of the oil. 

The same compound, linalol, is the parent substance of oil of lavender. The study of the progressive development of this oil in the plant tissues was carried out on three samples which were distilPd at intervals of a fortnight, the first from flowers in the budding stage, the second from the fully flowering plants, and the third from the plants with the flowers faded. The essential oils thus obtained had the following characters — ... 

In many cases the amount of free acids is negligible, but in a number of cases this is not the case, and with oils of lavender, bergamot, geranium, and similar oils, the deduction for the free acids becomes of importance. 

Pure oils of lavender, bergamot and similar oils show practically no reduction either in refractive index or ester value by such treatment. 

Buchbauer G, Jirovetz L, Jager W, Dietrich H, Plank C and Karamat E (1991). Aromatherapy Evidence for the sedative effect of the essential oil of lavender after inhalation. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung (Tubingen, Germany), 46c, 1067-1072. 

Optically pure (3i )(—)-linalyl acetate was detected in the oils of clary sage Salvia sclarea). Salvia dominica, lavender and lavandin using H-NMR spectroscopy with a chiral lanthanide shift reagent, Eu(hfc)3. This enantiomer was also detected in the oils of lavender, lavandin and bergamot using complexation gas chromatography on Ni(hfc) 2, and... 

Terpinen-4-ol occurs in the essential oils of lavender, hyssop, pine. Origanum, nutmeg, thyme, marjoram, tarragon, cubeb, neroli, rosemary, juniper berry and passion fruit and raspberry flavor as a mixture of... 

For hundreds of years the essential oil of lavender has been well appreciated for perfumery purposes [72]. Lavender oil is obtained by steam distillation from the fresh-flowering tops of Lavandula angustifolia Miller (Lavandula officinalis Chaix) [73]. It is a colourless or pale yellow, clear liquid, with a fresh, sweet, floral, herbaceous odour on a woody balsamic base [73, 74]. According to the European Pharmacopoeia, characteristic components of lavender oils are limonene, cineol, 3-octanone, camphor, linalool, linalyl acetate, terpinen-4-ol, lavandulyl acetate, lavandulol and a-terpineol. Adulterations commonly include blends of lavender oils with lavandin oil or spike oil, and the addition of synthetic linalool and linalyl acetate. In contrast, genuine lavender oils contain as main constituents (i )-linalyl acetate and (i )-linalool of high enantiomeric purity (Fig. 17.14). 

Upon treatment with HBr, both geraniol (preceding problem) and linalool (hom oil of lavender, bergamot, coriander) yield the same bromide, of formula CioHi7Br. How do you account for this fact ... 

Fenchone is a pleasant-smelling terpene isolated from oil of lavender. Propose a pathway for the formation of a-fenchone from geranyl pyrophosphate. Hint A car-bocation rearrangement is required.)... 

Fig, 6,39 Comparative investigation on the enantiomeric purity oflinalool (3, 4) and linalyl acetate (1,2) in the essential oils of lavender. Authentic sample (upper trace) adulterated sample (basic trace) (from ref [95])... 

Perfume materials obtained in this way are referred to as essential oils. Thus, for example, the oil obtained by steam distillation of lavender is known as the essential oil of lavender, or lavender oil. Sometimes, the monoterpene hydrocarbons are removed from the oils by distillation or solvent extraction to give a finer odour in the product. The process is known as deterpenation and the product is referred to as a terpeneless oil. This is, of course, a misnomer since, for example, the major component of lavender oil terpeneless is linalyl acetate, a monoterpene. 

The lotion contains pramoxine hydrochloride 1% and zinc acetate 0.1% and inactive ingredients alcohol USP, camphor, citric acid, diazolidinyl urea, fragrance, glycerin, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methylparaben, oil of lavender, oil of rosemary, polysorbate 40, propylene glycol, propylparaben, purified water, and sodium citrate. The... 

Ammoniacal Lavender Water, Take of oil of lavender (English) I fluid ounce spirit of ammonia (caustic) pints mix. The product is the omciiial preparation of the French. Used as a stimulating pungent scent, in fainting, headaches, Ac. 

Phosphorescent Oil. Dissolve 1 grain phosphorus in 1 ounce olive oil in a test tube by the heat of hot water, or add a larger < uautity to sdissolve spontaneously. Keep in a close phial. 

Factitious Oil of Spike. Oil of turpentine, 3 pints oil of lavender, 1 pint mix. Used by enamelcrs to mix their colors... 

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