Odour analysis

For odour analysis the most valuable detectors are FID, AED and MSD. NPD and ECD detectors are very sensitive, but limited in use to nitrogen or halogen containing compounds TCD and FUR detectors are not sensitive enough for odour analysis by direct headspace autosampling. 

Mayer, F. and Breuer, K. (2004b) Human olfactometry and odour analysis as a tool for the development of TPO materials with reduced odour for the automotive industry. Proceedings of the tenth international conference TPOs in Automotive 2004 , Barcelona, Spain. 

Hadacek F. and Weber M. (2002) Club-shaped organs as additional osmophores within the Sauromatum inflorescence odour analysis, ultrastructural changes and pollination aspects. Plant Biol. 4, 367-383. 

The availability of evaluative and market research data, social trends analysis and fashion information, and perfume stability and olfactory performance measures, all of which are structured within the odour analysis provided by the sensory analysis group, provides the perfumer with a basis from which to work and add creative skill to develop the new fashion fragrance for the year 2000. 

An Artificial Olfactory Mucosa for Enhanced Complex Odour Analysis... 

In the first stage of odour analysis by E-Nose system a reference gas, usually inert gases like nitrogen are fiushed through the array of sensors, and then the odour is allowed to reach the sensors. After data recording is completed the reference gas is again fiushed through the sensors. The reference gas is flushed before and after the analysis to prepare the base line of responses. The period of time when sensors are... 

Headspace (as a sample preparation technique) in combination with chemosensor technology is of great interest for odour analysis [973]. Ezrin et al. [974] have given an account of studies using HS-GC-MS of contaminants present in HOPE recycled from food packaging containers. SHS-GC was also used for contaminant diffiisivity measurements through LDPE film [975]. 

Some typical industrial applications of HS-SPME are analysis of trace impurities in polymers and solid samples, the determination of solvent residues in raw materials, ppt odour analysis, organics in water, etc. SPME can also be used for quaUtative headspace sampling of fruit volatiles [1000]. Since equilibrium rather than exhaustive extraction occurs in the micro-extraction methods, SPME is suitable for field monitoring. 

Applications Coupling of solid-phase micro-extraction and a micro-GC (separation times of 15 sec) is suitable for rapid field screening and potentially useful for process analysis. Odours at ppt level can be analysed by... 

Applications HS-GC-MS was used to identify odour in a manufacturing plant as an acetal [308] and to analyse a colour body problem [308a]. HS-GC-MS and GC-MS were both used for failure analysis blister space... 

The results were analysed by a within-subjects analysis of variance for factors of trial (1,2,3) and odour type (almond, cKl, water). The data were normally distributed (Shapiro-Wilks tests). Planned contrasts compared each of the two odours with the control odour. Only significant results are reported. The results for each behaviour were analysed separately. Four of the trials were videotaped to enable intra-and inter-rater reliability to be assessed for the observations. There was 100% concordance for both intra- and inter-rater codings. 

In the 45 scent profiles we analysed, 13 compounds that were either fatty acids or esters were identified, and these were used as the key components in our analysis. There was sufficient variation in these 13 components between the scent profiles of different individual members of a social group to suggest that each group member may have a unique profile that would permit individual odour recognition (Fig. 16.1). 

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