Odontoblastic cells

Several theories have been advanced to explain the mechanism of dentinal hypersensitivity innervation of the dentinal tubules, permitting transmission of impulses to the pulp, or the presence of lymph fluid in the dentinal tubules. In the latter case, exposure of dentin results in increased colloidal pressure on the tubules (thereby increasing pressure on the odontoblastic cells). Also proposed is a hydrodynamic... 

A.M.F. Aranha, E.M.A. Giro, P.P.C. Souza, J. Hebling, C.A. Costa, Effect of curing regime on the cytotoxicity of resin-modified glass-ionomer fining cements applied to an odontoblast cell fine. Dent. Mater. 22 (2006) 864—869. 

C. de Souza Costa, M. Vaerten, C. Edwards, C. Hanks, Cytotoxic effects of current dental adhesive systems on immortalized odontoblast cell line MDPC-23, Dent. Mater. 15 (1999)434 1. 

About I et al. 2001. The effect of cavity restoration variables on odontoblast cell numbers and dental repair. / Dent 29(2) 109-117. 

Alliot Licht B, Bluteau G, Magne D, Lopex Cazaux S, Lieubeau B, Daculsi G and Guichenx J (2005). Dexamethasone stimulates differentiation of odontoblast-like cells in human dental pulp cultmes. Gell Tissue Sep 321(3) 391 400. 

The effect of fluoride on odontoblast seems to follow similar pathways however, fluoride does not seem to show any effect on the proliferation of ameloblast cells. In addition to direct biological effects, fluoride ions may also exhibit indirect effects related to the decrease in Calcium concentration they can involve, and the change in the surface properties of biological apatites. 

M. Inoue, R.Z. LeGeros, M. Inoue, H. Tsujigiwa, H. Nagatsuka, T. Yamamoto, N. Nagai, In vitro response of osteoblast-like and odontoblast-like cells to unsubstituted and substituted apatites, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 70A (2004) 585-593. 

Odontoblasts more or less columnar cells on the outer surface of the pulp of a tooth specialized cells that contribute to many aspects of tooth structure and function. They give rise to the dentine matrix that underlies the enamel of a tooth Otoliths earstones, are small calcareous structures found in the head of all bony fishes (other than sharks, rays, and lampreys)... 

Dentine is the first calcified tissue to be deposited during tooth embryogenesis by the odontoblasts lining the inner pulp chamber. Odontoblasts lay down the dentinal organic matrix, and the dentine formation proceeds inwards. The mineralization begins when an organic layer of about 10-20 pm thick was deposited, and only cells process encased in the dentinal tubules are present in dentine. 

Irving, J.T., 1958a. Sudanophil inclusions in ameloblasts, odontoblasts and cells of the oral epithelium. Nature, 181 569—570. 

Teeth develop from tooth buds, an aggregation of cells derived from the ectoderm of the first branchial arch and ectomesenchyme of the neural crest. The tooth bud is divided into enamel organ (EO), dental papilla (DP), and dental follicle. An enamel organ has four layers outer and inner enamel epithelium, stratum intermedium (SI), and stellate reticulum (SR). The inner enamel epithelium induces the development of odontoblasts from the opposing mesenchymal cells of the dental papilla. As dentin forms, the inner enamel epithelium becomes converted to ameloblasts (Fig. 9.9). 

Osteoblasts, odontoblasts, and cementoblasts need vitamin C to make collagen, vitamin D for uptake of calcium into the body (Chap. 10), and vitamins A and K to synthesize and secrete the active form of osteocalcin. Vitamins C and D are the most important during childhood and adolescence to make adequate amounts of type I collagen and supply a net increase in calcium to the body. Ameloblasts, like other cells of ectodermal origin, require vitamin A to differentiate and secrete their proteins, but none of the other vitamins. Calcification of enamel appears independent of the increase in blood calcium level mediated by vitamin D. 

Radioactive Strontium. Osteonecrosis was reported for 2-day-old rats that were injected intraperitoneally with 2 mCi 90Sr/kg of body weight (Hopkins and Casarett 1972). In weanling rabbits, injection of 600 pCi 90Sr/kg resulted in increasing cell death of differentiating odontoblasts and pulp cells of immature teeth and disordered tooth structure (Rushton 1963). Mature teeth in the same animal, or teeth in adults injected at the age of 3 years or older, were not affected as severely. 

Spinal ganglia Cardiac septa Mesenchymal cells Fibroblasts Odontoblasts Osteocytes Chondrocytes Chromaffin Cells Melanocytes... 

As is described in Chapter 10, several different materials have been considered as sealants. These include zinc oxide-eugenol cements, epoxy resins and glass-ionomer cements [73,74]. In addition, calcium hydroxide paste has been used, though this material appears to be susceptible to leakage and may not be entirely satisfactory in forming a durable seal. However, its bioactivity is able to promote the physiological closure of the apex with dentine and cementum via stimulation of the odontoblast and cementoblast cells present [75]. 

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