External Oblique

Thus, it appears that solutions in region I are possible, but only in the transient state, since external effects quickly break down this state. Some investigators have claimed to have measured strong detonations in the transient state. There also exist standing detonations that are strong. Overdriven detonations have been generated by pistons, and some investigators have observed oblique detonations that are overdriven. 

An internal compression system forms several oblique shock waves and one normal shock wave inside the duct of the air-intake. The first oblique shock wave is formed at the lip of the air-intake and the following oblique shock waves are formed further downstream the normal shock wave renders the flow velocity subsonic, as shown in the case of the supersonic diffuser in Fig. D-1. The pressure recovery factor and the changes in Mach number, pressure ratio, and temperature ratio are the same as in the case of the external compression system. Either external or internal air-intake systems are chosen for use in ramjets and... 

Fig. D-5 shows an external compression air-intake designed for optimized use at Mach number 2.0. Fig. D-6 shows a set of computed airflows of an external compression air-intake designed for use at Mach number 2.0 (a) critical flow, (b) sub-critical flow, and (c) supercritical flow. The pressures at the bottom wall and the upper wall along the duct flow are also shown. Two oblique shock waves formed at two ramps are seen at the tip of the upper surface of the duct at the critical flow shown in Fig. D-6 (a). The reflected oblique shock wave forms a normal shock wave at the bottom wall of the throat of the internal duct. The pressure becomes 0.65 MPa, which is the designed pressure. In the case of the subcritical flow shown in Fig. D-6 (b), the shock-wave angle is increased and the pressure downstream of the duct becomes 0.54 MPa. However, some of the airflow behind the obhque shock wave is spilled over towards the external airflow. Thus, the total airflow rate becomes 68% of the designed airflow rate. In the case of the supercritical flow shown in Fig. D-6 (c), the shock-wave angle is decreased and the pressure downstream of the duct becomes 0.15 MPa, at which the flow velocity is stiU supersonic.

Examine each external weld visually to ensure there are no surface defects, and record. Examine each interior weld and adjacent areas, both visually and by the use of a horoscope. Welds not accessible with the horoscope must be examined by y-ray with photo. 3 shot by weld two perpendicular to the tube axis (moved at 90°) and one oblique compared to the tube axis. 

Procedure. Into a perfectly clean, dry flask of capacity about 100 c.c. and with a neck about 20 cm. long, are poured 10 c.c. of the spirit to be examined (prepared as described above) and, by means of a pipette, 10 c.c. of pure concentrated sulphuric acid, which is allowed to flow down the side of the flask so that it does not mix with the alcoholic liquid the flask is at once vigorously shaken and placed in a bath at 120°. This bath may contain a 69% calcium chloride solution the level and concentration are kept constant by means of an inverted flask full of water and closed by a stopper traversed by a large glass tube, the external extremity of which is cut obliquely and just reaches the surface of the solution in the bath. The flask is kept in the latter for exactly an hour and is then allowed to cool. 

The cross-sections are of ample dimensions and mostly isolated or united in groups of two or three they are elongated with a rounded contour. The full lumen follows sensibly the shape of the external outline and often contains a substance which is coloured yellow by iodine and sulphuric add, while the wall is coloured blue and shows no lignified cuticle, although the various strata of growth of the wall are clearly exhibited. From the lumen sharply defined clefts start, these corresponding with the oblique fissures which are observed in the length of the fibre and which thus occupy the whole thickness of the wall. 

In this chapter, two simple cases of stereomechanical collision of spheres are analyzed. The fundamentals of contact mechanics of solids are introduced to illustrate the interrelationship between the collisional forces and deformations of solids. Specifically, the general theories of stresses and strains inside a solid medium under the application of an external force are described. The intrinsic relations between the contact force and the corresponding elastic deformations of contacting bodies are discussed. In this connection, it is assumed that the deformations are processed at an infinitely small impact velocity and for an infinitely long period of contact. The normal impact of elastic bodies is modeled by the Hertzian theory [Hertz, 1881], and the oblique impact is delineated by Mindlin s theory [Mindlin, 1949]. In order to link the contact theories to collisional mechanics, it is assumed that the process of a dynamic impact of two solids can be regarded as quasi-static. This quasi-static approach is valid when the impact velocity is small compared to the speed of the elastic... 

Gary and Jimi went down to the cellar to fetch their bags, Pete in the office showing a new Canadian barman exercise tips for external obliques. Happy for an extra audience when Gary and Jimi passed him on their way out, Pete addressed all three. 

Trapezius Deltoid Triceps brachii Teres major Latissimus dorsi Brachioiadialis External oblique Gluteus medius... 

An interesting situation also came to light in the limit of normal incidence. This case was impossible to analyze in the framework of the approximate model, as the modes become large quickly and violate the initial assumptions. It turned out that for a = 0 (which is a peculiar case, since the external symmetry breaking in the x direction vanishes), another stationary instability precedes the secondary Hopf bifurcation that spontaneously breaks the reflection symmetry with respect to x. It is shown by point A in Fig. 18. It is also seen from this figure, that the secondary pitchfork bifurcation is destroyed in tbe case of oblique incidence, which can be interpreted as an imperfect bifurcation with respect to the angle a [43]. 

Next, we consider the cutting mechanism of the actively driven rotary tool (ADRT) shown in Fig. 4. In this case, the tool is driven by an external power, so that inclination angle jS = 0 is chosen in many cases as shown in Fig. lb. This is because of the simplicity in the mechanical system of the tool spindle holder. In this case, the effective cutting speed F causes the workpiece to move toward the cutting edge at an effective inclined angle jSe so that an equivalent oblique cutting is also performed. In... 

Pa 6 through a system of external oblique shock waves. This is the case of a partly dispersed shock wave. 

Fig. 1.7a,b. Computer-assisted reconstructions of a female fetus, a Oblique ventrolateral view, b Descending dorsoventral view, v, vagina Im, longitudinal muscular layer pr, puborectalis muscle eas, external anal sphincter is, internal sphincter pbo, pubic bone... 

The positioning for these projections is similar to the oblique lateral malleolus projection. The foot is rotated internally 45° and the central ray angled 20°, 30° and 40° cranially and centered midway between the malleoli. The foot is then externally rotated 45° and the central ray angled 12°, 15° and 18° cranially. This examination has been replaced by CT scanning. 

Fig. 8.15a-c. Oblique grade II open fracture of the tibia treated initially with external fixator, a An AP radiograph post-fixator removal is suggestive of non-union, b Coronal CT reconstruction demonstrates hypertrophic non-union after 5 months, c Union achieved with bone graft plus rigid internal fixation... 

For the external (iliac) oblique view, the pelvis is rotated in the opposite direction, allowing visualisation of the ilio-ischial line and anterior wall of the acetabulum. 

Technically, selective angiography has to be performed according to a rigorous protocol. To assess as precisely as possible the anatomic components of the AVM, it is important to inject selectively the internal and external carotid arteries and vertebral arteries. Analysis of the arterial feeders, nidus, and venous drainage is obtained by performing multiple projections (anteroposterior, lateral, and oblique). Three-dimensional angiography may be helpful. 

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