Protein interaction with nucleic acids

All types of nucleic acids interact with proteins. Chromosomal DNA forms stable nonspecific complexes with structural proteins that stabilize their tertiary structure it also forms transient complexes with enzymes and regulatory proteins that modulate DNA and RNA metabolism. The gross tertiary structure of DNA in E. coli and a typical eukaryotic chromosome is described in the next section. 

Many crystal structures have been reported involve nucleic acid interactions with DNA and RNA polymerases as well as other nucleic acid replicative anzymes. " Other structures involve tRNA and tRNA synthetases, and many nucleic acid-modifying enzymes including methyl transferases, " " repair enzymes, " endonucleases, the RNase R enzyme Rrp44 and topoisomerases and helicases. Other protein-DNA structures reported include Soxl7 bound to DNA, " the Mosl paired-end complex, TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) and the tumor suppressor protein p53. A number of protein-RNA structures are also reported including pseudouridine synthase, the E.coli SeqA... 

Sequence-specific biological maaomolecules (i.e., proteins and nucleic acids) interact with very high selectivity within... 

The application of the photo-CIDNP method in conjunction with the introduction of deuterated amino acids holds great promise for the study of protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions with NMR. In this contribution it has been shown that this allows partial assignment of the aromatic part of the protein spectrum in a convenient way. Binding of DNA fragments affects both the resonances of the phenylalanyl residues as well as the resonances of the tyrosines at the surface of the protein. The disappearance of the emission signals of the latter provides direct evidence for their Involvement in the interaction with DNA. 

The difficulty with protein arrays is that proteins do not behave as uniformly as nucleic acid. Protein function is dependent on a precise, and fragile, three-dimensional structure that may be difficult to maintain in an array format. In addition, the strength and stability of interactions between proteins are not nearly as standardized as nucleic acid hybridization. Each protein-protein interaction is unique and could assume a wide range of affinities. Currently, protein expression mapping is performed almost exclusively by two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. The development of protein arrays, however, could provide another powerful... 

Carbohydrates not only interact with protein receptors, but also with other carbohydrates and nucleic acids. Recently, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been prepared as new multivalent tools that mimic carbohydrate presentation on the cell surface. Using this tool, a weak calcium-mediated carbohydrate-carbohydrate interaction has been detected using NMR, employing... 

Metal ions, small organic molecules, peptides and small proteins are the ligands tested thus far. PLIMSTEX should be applicable to other ligands including nucleic acids and other proteins. PLIMSTEX should have utility for measuring affinities of proteins in complexes as well as alone, and if this works, it may be one of the few techniques that can probe interaction of a ligand with one protein that is interacting with others. 

Fourteen chapters, each by a different author, cover (at an advanced level) the structure of water and its interactions with proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, and lipids. 

Do such Pt-rescue-agent interactions (and the resulting products) interfere with the binding of the Pt compounds in cells (especially with nucleic acids and/or proteins) ... 

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