Nuclear factor of activated T lymphocytes

MW—molecular weight synonym of the molecular mass (abbreviated M)—is the mass of one molecule NALT—nose-associated lymphoid tissue nanoLC-MSMS—nanoliquid chromatography-tandem MS NCF—neutrophil chemotactic factors NFA—nuclear factor of activated T-lymphocytes NF-kappaB—nuclear factor kappa B NK—cells natural killer cells NMR—nuclear magnetic resonance... 

The mechanism of action of tacrolimus is similar to that of cyclosporine at the molecular level (Krensky et al., 2005 Spencer et al., 1997). Tacrolimus exerts potent inhibitory effects on T lymphocyte activation. It binds to an intracellular protein, FKBP-12. A complex is formed which inhibits the phosphatase activity of calcineurin. This in turn prevents dephosphorylation and translocation of nuclear factor of activated T lymphocytes (NFAT) which results in inhibition of T-lymphocyte activation. 

MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase NF-AT-c nuclear factor of activating T lymphocytes... 

O Rourke, F. A., LaPlante, J. M. and Feinstein, M. B., 2003, Antisense-mediated loss of calcium homoeostasis endoplasmic reticulum protein (CHERP ERPROT213-21) impairs Ca2+ mobilization, nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) activation and cell proliferation in Jurkat T-lymphocytes. Biochem J 373, 133-43. 

The activation and proliferation of T lymphocytes are considered to be the basic cellular immune responses leading ultimately to rejection of transplanted tissue in the absence of effective immunosuppression. An important effect of T cell activation is production of the Ca VcalmoduHn-activated form of the serine/threonine phosphatase calcineurin. The latter is responsible for the activation and nuclear translocation of a number of transcription factors, such as nuclear factor of activated T (NFAT) cells. 

Cyclosporine A (CSA), sirolimus, and tacrolimus are commonly used immunosuppressive drugs. Cyclosporine and tacrolimus are calcineurin inhibitors, whereas sirolimus is a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor. Calcineurin inhibitors bind to immunophilins, and drug-immunophilin complexes inhibit calcineurin activity, which in turn prevents nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) (1,2). This results in inhibition of activation and proliferation of CD4 and CDS lymphocytes by inhibiting IL-2 production. The mTOR protein is a... 

Fig. 2. Effect of diet on nuclear factor (NF)-kB activation in aged BAA/T lymphocytes of mice fed diets containing 5% corn oil (CO) or 5% fish oil either ad libitum (AL) or 40% calorie restricted (CR) from 4 wk of age. (A) 1-4, 3 mo old 5-8, 8 mo old. (B) controls. (Reproduced from Ref. 154 with the kind permission of Elsevier Science.)...

---