Norwegian Sea

Ship Transportation of CO2 Project The aim of this project is to assess technical solutions and costs for different transport cases between capture sites (power plants and high COj-concentration process plants) and point of storage or use of COj (aquifers and COj-EOR) in the Northern Europe/Norwegian Sea Basin. 

Happell, J. D., and D. W. R. Wallace, Methyl Iodide in the Green-land/Norwegian Seas and the Tropical Atlantic Ocean Evidence for Photochemical Production, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 2105-2108 (1996). 

Timokhina, A.F. (1974). On the food requirement of blue whiting in the Norwegian Sea and at Pockyolain Shoal (In Russian). Gydrobiologicheskii Zhumal 10,57-63. 

Radioactive pollution of the water in the North and Norwegian Seas is entirely due to emissions from radiochemical plants located in Western Europe. 

The circulation of water in the Arctic Basin is a complex system of cycles and currents with different scales. Block HB simulates the dynamics of Arctic Basin water by the system of sub-blocks presented in Figure 6.2. The water dynamics in 2 is presented by flows between compartments Eijk. The directions of water exchanges are represented on every level zk = z0 + (k — 1 )A k according to Aota et al. (1992) in conformity with the current maps assigned as SSMAE input. The external boundary of 2 is determined by the coastline, the sea bottom, the Bering Strait, the southern boundary of the Norwegian Sea, and the water-atmosphere interface. 

Water exchange through the southern boundary of the Norwegian Sea is V3. The water temperature T k in Eijk (block MWT) is a function of evaporation, precipitation, river flows, and inflows of water from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Its change with time in Etjk is described by the equation of heat balance ... 

The influence of water exchanges between the Arctic Basin and the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans on the pollution level in Q is described by block MPT. It is supposed that the watersheds of the Norwegian Sea QiV and the Bering Strait are characterized by currents with varying directions given as a scenario. 

The results of the simulation experiment are given in Table 6.13. We can see that the average content of heavy metals across the full water area of the Arctic Basin stabilizes after 3-5 years. Under this stable regime, the concentration of heavy metals in compartments Qp U Op (river mouths and ports) is six times higher than in the Central aquatory and twice as high in Or U Op U Q.N (near-shore waters, the Bering Strait, and the southern boundary of the Norwegian Sea). The concentration of heavy metals in phytoplankton is 18% lower than in zooplankton and 29% lower... 

Following the early discoveries of low levels of ozone in the Canadian Arctic during springtime (Oltmans, 1981 Oilmans and Komhyr, 1986 Bottenheim et al., 1986 Barrie et al., 1988 Mickle et al., 1989), ozone depletion episodes have been reported at many other sites in the Arctic, such as the Norwegian Sea (Solberg et al.,... 

Honjo S., Manganini S. J., and WeferG. (1998) Annual particle flux and a winter outburst of sedimentation in the northern Norwegian Sea. Deep-Sea Res. 8, 1223-1234. 

A number of oceanic regimes also produce twice-yearly flux maxima of alkenone production. In the Mediterranean, a fall bloom of alkenone production occurs (Ternois et al., 1996 Sicre et al., 1999). This is also tme off Hawaii (Cortes et al., 2001), in the central equatorial Pacific (Harada et al., 2001), in the Sea of Okhotsk (Broerse et al., 2000a), and in the Norwegian Sea (Thomsen et al., 1998). A lack of dissolved silica may inhibit diatom growth and promote haptophyte production during the fall months in such locations (Broerse et al., 2000a). 

Tiered sediment trap arrays present a picmre of how seasonal and episodic production works its way toward the seafloor. Nearly all such arrays show that the near-surface temporal variability is attenuated with depth. The seasonal variability, so evident in many shallow sediment trap time series, is reduced by factors of 2 (Broerse et al. (2000a), Sea of Okhotsk Ziveri et al. (2000), Northwest Atlantic Muller and Fischer (2001), northwest African margin), to 3 (Harada et al. (2001), central equatorial Pacific Thomsen et al. (1998), Norwegian Sea). This attenuation presumably comes both from the selective biological degradation of more labile hpids at shallow depths. 

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