Non-ionic surfactant vesicles

Baillie, A.J. et al.. The preparation and properties of niosomes-non-ionic surfactant vesicles, J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 37, 863, 1985. 

Carafa, M., E. Santucci, and G. Lucania. 2002. Lidocaine-loaded non-ionic surfactant vesicles Characterization and in vitro permeation studies. Int J Pharm 231 21. 

Van-Hal, D.A., et al. 1996. Encapsulation of lidocaine base and hydrochloride into non-ionic surfactant vesicles (NSVs) and diffusion through human stratum corneum in vitro. Eur J Pharm Sci 4 147. 

Hofland, H.E., et al. 1991. Interactions of non-ionic surfactant vesicles with cultured keratinocytes and human skin in vitro A survey of toxicological aspects and ultrastructural changes in stratum corneum. J Control Release 16 155. 

Arunothayanun, P., et al. 2000. The effect of processing variables on the physical characteristics of non-ionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes) formed from a hexadecyl diglycerol ether. Int J Pharm 201 7. 

Uchegbu, I.F., and A.T. Florence. 1995. Non-ionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes) Physical and pharmaceutical chemistry. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 58 1. 

H. E. J. Holland, J. A. Bouwstra, F. Spies, H. E. Bodde, J. Nagelkerke, C. Cullander, H. E. Junginger, Interactions between non-ionic surfactant vesicles and human stratum corneum in vitro, J. Liposome Res. 5 241-263 (1995). 

D. van Hal, A. van Rensen, T. de Vringer, H. Junginger, and J. Bouwstra, Diffusion of estradiol from non-ionic surfactant vesicles through human stratum corneum in vitro, J. Invest. Dermatol. 6 72-78 (1996). 

The self-assembly of non-ionic surfactants into vesicles was first reported in the 1970s by researchers in the cosmetic industry. Since then, a number of groups worldwide have studied non-ionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes) with a view to evaluating their potential as drug carriers. Niosomes are formed from the self-assembly of non-ionic amphiphiles in aqueous media resulting in closed bilayer... 

Ma, G. Barlow, D.J. Lawrence, M.J. Heenan, R.K. Timmins, P. Small-angle neutron-scattering of non-ionic surfactant vesicles. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2000, 104, 9081-9085. 

Niosomes are non-ionic surfactant vesicles. They have been used to develop a vaccine-delivery system by peroral and oral routes. Ovalbumin was encapsulated in various lyophilized niosome preparations consisting of sucrose esters, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate. Encapsulation of ovalbumin into niosomes consisting of 70% stearate sucrose ester and 30% pal-mitate sucrose ester (40%i mono-, 60% di/triester) resulted in a significant increase in antibody titers in serum, saliva, and intestinal washings. ... 

Talsma H, Van Steenbergen M, Borchert J, CrommeUn D (1994) A novel technique for the one-step preparation of liposomes and non-ionic surfactant vesicles in a continuous gas stream the bubble method . J Pharm Sci 83 276-280... 

Azmin MN, Florence AT, Handjani-Vila RM, et al. The effect of non-ionic surfactant vesicle (niosome) entrapment on (he absorption and distribution of methotrexate in mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 1985 37 237-242. 

Rogerson A. (HiD). A physicochemical and biological evaluation of non-ionic surfactant vesicles. Glasgow University of Strathclyde 1986. 

Baillie AJ, Coombs GH, Dolan TF, et al. Non-ionic surfactant vesicles, niosomes, as a delivery system for the anti-leishmanial drag, sodium stibogluconate. J Pharm Pharmacol 1986 38 502-505. 

D. A. van Hal. Non Ionic surfactant vesicles for demtal and iransdermal drug delivery, thesis, Leiden University pp 149-176. 

The esterification has also been implemented in an alternative way, namely, the OH on Choi is firstly turned into COOH (by succinic anhydride) and reacted with OH-ended PEGs. High degree of functionalization (>90%) is achieved for PEGs with MW ranging from 0.4—10 kg/mol. These Chol-PEG conjugates are used to modify non-ionic surfactant vesicles as a potential drug delivery system [117]. 

Baillie AJ, Florence AT, Hume L, Muirhead GT, Rogerson A (1985) The preparation and properties of niosomes—non-ionic surfactant vesicles. J Pharm Pharmacol 37(12) 863-868... 

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