Nitro-aromatic compounds mutations

Fig. 10.2 Metabolic activation pathways leading to mutation in nitro-aromatic compounds. Ring-oxidation might occur in the ortho, meta, or para position. Shown in the figure is the para metabolic ring-oxidation. Figure adapted from [15]...

Tokiwa, H., R. Nakagawa, K. Morita, and Y. Ohnishi, Mutagenicity of Nitro Derivatives Induced by Exposure of Aromatic Compounds to Nitrogen Dioxide, Mutat. Res., 85, 195-205 (1981). 

SAFETY PROFILE Poison by skin contact and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion. A severe human skin and eye irritant. Acts as a primary irritant as well as a sensitizer of skin. An allergen. Mutation data reported. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame. A moderate explosion hazard when exposed to flame, sparks, heated to 150°, or when shocked in a sealed container. Explosive reaction with ammonia at 170°C/40 bar. To fight fire, use CO2, dry chemical. Reacts violently with hydrazine sulfate or hydrazine hydrate. See also NITRO COMPOUNDS of AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS. 

DOT CLASSIFICATION 6.1 Label Poison SAFETY PROFILE A poison. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl" and NOx. See also other chloronitrobenzene entries and NITRO COMPOUNDS of AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS. 

SAFETY PROFILE A deadly human poison by ingestion. An experimental poison by ingestion, inhalation, intravenous, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and intramuscular routes. Moderately toxic by skin contact. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. Human systemic effects body temperature increase, change in heart rate, coma. A skin irritant. Mutation data reported. Phytotoxic. A pesticide. An explosive. Forms explosive salts with alkalies and ammonia. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also NITRO COMPOUNDS of AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS. 

DOT CLASSIFICATION EXPLOSIVE LID Label EXPLOSIVE LID SAFETY PROFILE Questionable carcinogen with experimental neoplastigenic data. Mutation data reported. A powerful and violent explosive used as a booster explosive its use is superior to TNT. It is not as good for this purpose as tetryl, but is extremely stable and much safer to handle. See also NITRO COMPOUNDS of AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS. 

DOT CLASSIFICATION 6.1 Label Poison SAFETY PROFILE Poison by ingestion, intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by intramuscular route. Mutation data reported. Acute symptoms of exposure are headache, nausea, vomiting, weakness and stupor, cyanosis and methemoglobinemia. Chronic exposure can cause liver damage. Experimental reproductive effects. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame. See NITRATES for explosion and disaster hazards. To fight fire, use water spray or mist, foam, dry chemical, CO2. Vigorous reaction with sulfuric acid above 200°C. Reaction with sodium hydroxide at 130°C under pressure may produce the explosive sodium-4-nitrophenoxide. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also m-NITROANILINE, o-NITROANILINE, NITRO COMPOUNDS OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, and ANILINE DYES. 

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