Nitrate salts, thermal decomposition

ARAGONITE (1317-65-3) CaCO, Noncombustible solid. Incompatible with acids (exothermic reaction with extensive foaming and release of gas is caused when acid is highly concentrated) acid salts alum, ammonium salts fluorine (ignition), germanium, lead diacetate, magnesium, mercurous chloride, silicon, silver nitrate, titanium. Thermal decomposition above 1517°F/825°C releases calcium oxide (quicklime) and COj. 

Bismuth trioxide may be prepared by the following methods (/) the oxidation of bismuth metal by oxygen at temperatures between 750 and 800°C (2) the thermal decomposition of compounds such as the basic carbonate, the carbonate, or the nitrate (700—800°C) (J) precipitation of hydrated bismuth trioxide upon addition of an alkah metal hydroxide to a solution of a bismuth salt and removal of the water by ignition. The gelatinous precipitate initially formed becomes crystalline on standing it has been represented by the formula Bi(OH)2 and called bismuth hydroxide [10361 -43-0]. However, no definite compound has been isolated. 

The decomposition of the nitrates produces oxygen molecules, and we have verified that if a mixture of silver nitrates and closed tubes is submitted to a thermal treatment (400°C) decomposing the salt, it is possible to observe filled CNTs (Ag, Co, Cu [34]). It appears that oxygen liberated during the thermal decomposition of the metal salt erodes the CNT tip and the yet un-decomposed salt then enters by capillarity (see Fig. 8). We have also observed during the electron-irradiation decomposition of enclosed nitrate that the liberated gases erodes the CNT cavity [22] (see the innermost tubes in Fig. 5). 

Catalytic elfects on the thermal decomposition and burning under nitrogen of the nitrate were determined for ammonium dichromate, potassium dichromate, potassium chromate, barium chloride, sodium chloride and potassium nitrate. Chromium(VI) salts are most effective in decomposition, and the halides salts during burning of the nitrate [1]. The effect of chromium compounds soluble in the molten nitrate, all of which promote decomposition of the latter, was studied (especially using ammonium dichromate) in kinetic experiments [2],... 

Holmium oxide is prepared by thermal decomposition of carbonate, oxalate, hydroxide, nitrate, sulfate, or any oxo salt of holmium ... 

The perchlorates are prepared by the action of the acid on a suitable base, by the thermal decomposition of certain chlorates, and by the electrolysis of chlorates. Perchloric acid is always monobasic no acid salts have been made. Sodium perchlorate has been reported in the nitrates of Chili. According to M. H. Marker,1 some specimens have up to 5-64 per cent, of this salt, and it has been suggested that the presence of perchlorates is the cause of the deleterious action of some deliveries of Chili saltpetre when used as a fertilizer for rye. 

Thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate can also be facilitated by adding organic compounds. Thus, ammonium nitrate mixed with cellulose begins to decompose at 100°C and decomposition becomes distinctly perceptible at 120°C. Also salts of some organic bases (e.g. pyridine nitrate) considerably lower the temperature of decomposition of ammonium nitrate. 

Metal Salts. Metal salts have a catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition and burning under nitrogen of the nitrate.17,18... 

When nitrites and nitrates are thermally decomposed, nitrogen, oxygen, and their compounds are produced. A literature survey produces the following list of substances which appear in one or another decomposition 02, N2, NO, N02, N203, N204, N205. Which of these compounds are produced in any specific case depends on the salt, temperature, and experimental conditions. Since reactions between these compounds occur quite readily, thermodynamic functions for them have been listed (Tables 5.1 to 5.8). The matter of reactions between all these compounds is somewhat complicated, because several of them are thermodynamically quite unfavorable and thus do not need to be considered. On that basis the following conclusions can be drawn ... 

The vibration spectra of nitrated l,2,4-triazol-5-ones [611, 614, 615] and their energetic salts [616] are discussed. The thermal decomposition mechanism under rapid heating of thin films of 3-nitro-l,2,4-triazol-5-one was studied by pulsed infrared laser and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy [1071],... 

Chemically pure Fe can be prepared by reduction of pure iron oxide (which is obtained by thermal decomposition of iron(II) oxalate, carbonate, or nitrate) with H2, by electrodeposition from aqueous solutions of Fe salts, or by thermal decomposition of Fe(CO)5. 

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